Đỗ Mậu
Đỗ Mậu | |
|---|---|
Mậu in 1964 | |
| Deputy Prime Minister of South Vietnam | |
| In office 8 February 1964 – 30 September 1964 | |
| Prime Minister | Nguyễn Khánh |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Nguyễn Lưu Viên |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1 July 1917 Quảng Bình province, Annam, French Indochina |
| Died | 11 April 2002 (aged 84) California, U.S. |
| Political party | National Social Democratic Front |
| Other political affiliations | Military (1963–1967) |
| Spouse | Nguyễn Thị Hải |
| Children | 10 |
| Occupation | Information Minister (November 1963 – January 1964) Deputy Prime Minister for social and cultural affairs (1964) Co-founder of the political party Lực Lượng Dân Tộc Việt (The National Viet People's Force), 1960s Author of the political memoirs: Việt Nam Máu Lửa Quê Hương Tôi (Vietnam, My Country in Blood and Fire; ed. 1986, 1996; ISBN 1-884129-31-5) and Tâm Thư (Letter from the Heart, ed. 1995) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Vietnamese National Army, Army of the Republic of Vietnam |
| Years of service | 1940s–1965 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Commands | Director of Military Security (1958–1963) |
| Battles/wars | 1963 South Vietnamese coup, January 1964 South Vietnamese coup |
Đỗ Mậu (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ʔɗo˦ˀ˥ məw˧˨ʔ]; 1 July 1917 – 11 April 2002) was a Major general in the South Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN), best known for his roles as a recruiting strategist in both the 1963 coup that toppled President Ngô Đình Diệm and the 1964 coup led by General Nguyễn Khánh that deposed the junta of General Dương Văn Minh. He was born in Quảng Bình Province.
Having abandoned the Communist-led Việt Minh resistance to join the Vietnamese National Army, the predecessor of the ARVN, Mau rose to be head of military security under Diệm. At that time a colonel with no troops to command, Mậu was nevertheless an important member of the conspiracy due to his liaisons with a wide number of officers, which allowed him to recruit widely for coup participants. He initially tried to organize a coup group himself with Colonel Phạm Ngọc Thảo, an undetected communist agent bent on maximising infighting, and disillusioned intelligence director Trần Kim Tuyến mainly consisting of mid-level officers. Later this group was integrated into the main plot led by a group of generals; Mậu had helped to liaise between some of these generals. He also concocted false data to convince Diệm to send the ARVN Special Forces—mainly used to defend Diệm and his family from coups in Saigon—into the countryside to battle a non-existent large-scale communist attack. The coup was successful and Diệm was captured and executed.
After the coup, Mậu was promoted to Major general and made one of 12 members of the ruling junta. Fearing his political skills, the leading generals tried to sideline him and placed him in the non-influential post of Information Minister, where he censored newspapers. Mậu responded by plotting his own coup, joining forces with Nguyễn Khánh, Dương Văn Đức, Trần Thiện Khiêm, Nguyễn Chánh Thi and Dương Ngọc Lắm. Three months after Diệm was deposed, the next coup was successful without needing a battle. Mậu was then made one of three deputy prime ministers, overseeing social and cultural affairs. Disillusioned with Khánh's tendency toward military dictatorship, and isolated by the young generals, Mậu retired from the military for good in 1964.