Pharyngealization
| Pharyngealized | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ◌ˤ | |||
| IPA number | 423 | ||
| Encoding | |||
| Entity (decimal) | ˤ | ||
| Unicode (hex) | U+02E4 | ||
| X-SAMPA | _?\ | ||
| 
 | |||
| Velarized or pharyngealized | |
|---|---|
| ◌̴ | |
| IPA number | 428 | 
| Encoding | |
| Entity (decimal) | ̴ | 
| Unicode (hex) | U+0334 | 
Pharyngealization is a secondary articulation of consonants or vowels by which the pharynx or epiglottis is constricted during the articulation of the sound.