1966 Palomares incident

1966 Palomares incident
The B28FI nuclear bomb, recovered from 2,850 feet (870 m) of water, on the deck of the USS Petrel.
Collision
Date17 January 1966 (1966-01-17)
SummaryMid-air collision
Sitenear Palomares, Almería, Spain
37°14′57″N 1°47′49″W / 37.24917°N 1.79694°W / 37.24917; -1.79694
Total fatalities7
Total survivors4
First aircraft

58-0192, an aircraft similar to the B-52 involved
TypeBoeing B-52G Stratofortress
OperatorStrategic Air Command, United States Air Force
Registration58-0256
Flight originSeymour Johnson Air Force Base
North Carolina, United States
DestinationSeymour Johnson Air Force Base
Occupants7
Crew7
Fatalities3
Survivors4
Second aircraft

56-3595, an aircraft similar to the second aircraft involved
TypeKC-135 Stratotanker
OperatorUnited States Air Force
Registration61-0273
Flight originMorón Air Base, Spain
DestinationMorón Air Base
Occupants4
Crew4
Fatalities4
Survivors0

The Palomares incident occurred on 17 January 1966, when a United States Air Force B-52G bomber collided with a KC-135 tanker during mid-air refueling at 31,000 feet (9,450 m) over the Mediterranean Sea, near the Spanish village of Palomares in Almería province. The collision destroyed the tanker, killing all four crew members, and caused the bomber to break apart, resulting in the deaths of three of its seven crew members. The B-52G was participating in Operation Chrome Dome, a Cold War airborne alert mission involving continuous flights of nuclear-armed bombers.

At the time of the accident, the B-52G was carrying four B28FI Mod 2 Y1 thermonuclear bombs. Three of these bombs fell on land near Palomares; the conventional explosives in two detonated upon impact, dispersing plutonium and contaminating approximately 2 square kilometers (0.77 sq mi) of terrain. The fourth bomb fell into the Mediterranean Sea and was recovered intact after an extensive 80-day search involving the U.S. Navy, including the use of submersibles such as DSV Alvin. A local fisherman, Francisco Simó Orts, witnessed the bomb's descent into the sea and assisted in its recovery.

In response to the contamination, the U.S. and Spanish authorities conducted cleanup operations, removing approximately 1,750 tons of radioactive soil, which was shipped to the United States for disposal. Despite these efforts, residual contamination persisted, leading to ongoing monitoring and a 2015 agreement between Spain and the U.S. to further remediate the area. As of 2025, some contaminated land remains, and the cleanup has not been fully completed.

Politically, the incident prompted Spain to ban U.S. flights carrying nuclear weapons over its territory. The Palomares incident, along with a similar accident in Thule, Greenland, in 1968, contributed to the termination of Operation Chrome Dome. Despite its significance, the town of Palomares has no official monument commemorating the event, although a street named "17 January 1966" serves as a reminder.