2006 French Open – Men's singles

Defending champion Rafael Nadal defeated Roger Federer in the final, 1–6, 6–1, 6–4, 7–6^(7–4) to win the men's singles tennis title at the 2006 French Open. It was his second French Open title and second major title overall. It was the first of three consecutive years Nadal and Federer would contest the French Open final. This marked Federer's first defeat in a major final, having won his first seven finals; he was attempting to complete the career Grand Slam and to become the first man since Rod Laver in 1969 to hold all four major titles at once, having won the preceding Wimbledon Championships, US Open and Australian Open. The latter feat would ultimately be achieved a decade later by Novak Djokovic, at the same tournament, who here reached the quarterfinals at a major for the first time.

The tournament marked the first major appearance of future US Open champion Juan Martín del Potro. It also saw the first match contested between Djokovic and Nadal and the first of their ten meetings at the French Open. They would go on to play an Open Era record of 60 matches against each other.