2025 Israeli military operation in the West Bank

Iron Wall; חומת ברזל
	Part of the Israeli incursions in the West Bank during the Gaza war, the Middle Eastern crisis (2023–present) and the Palestinian Authority–West Bank militias conflict
Date	21 January 2025 – present; (4 months, 4 weeks and 1 day)
Location	West Bank, Palestine
Status	Ongoing ; Israel establishes full military control over the Jenin, Nur Shams, and Tulkarm refugee camps.;
Belligerents
Israel Palestinian Authority	Palestinian Islamic Jihad; Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades; Hamas; Supported by:; Iran
Units involved
List of Israeli units: Israel Defense Forces Israeli Ground Forces Central Command Infantry Corps 98th Paratroopers Division Oz Brigade Duvdevan Unit; Egoz Unit; Maglan; ; ; 99th Infantry Division Kfir Brigade Haruv reconnaissance unit; ; ; Bislamach Brigade; ; Judea and Samaria Division Menashe Brigade; Ephraim Brigade; ; ; Northern Command 188th Armored Brigade; ; Southern Command 162nd Division Nahal Brigade; ; ; ; Israeli Air Force; ; Israeli Police Israeli Border Police Unit 23; ; ; Israeli Intelligence Community Shin Bet; ; Armed Israeli settlers; Palestinian Security Services Palestinian National Security Forces; ;	Palestinian Joint Operations Room Shared units in the West Bank: Jenin Brigades Youth of Revenge and Liberation; ; Tulkarm Brigade; Nablus Brigade; Tubas Brigade; Other militant units; ; ;
Casualties and losses
4 Israeli soldiers killed, 24 Israeli soldiers injured; Per the Jenin Brigades:; 1 vehicle destroyed Per the PA:; Several security services personnel killed (by the IDF)	Per the IDF:; 102 militants killed; 320 militants arrested
	40,000 Palestinians displaced; 7+ Palestinian civilians killed and 4 Palestinian civilians injured

On 21 January 2025, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) began a large-scale military operation, which it named "Iron Wall", against Palestinian militants in the Israeli-occupied West Bank. Described as an invasion by the Associated Press, Israel's operation initially only targeted the Jenin Brigades, a local Palestinian militia in Jenin. On the fourth day, the IDF expanded its activities to Tulkarm and other Palestinian cities and towns. Iron Wall marks a strategically distinct and more aggressive approach against West Bank militancy compared to previous Israeli raids, and also marks the first time that the Palestinian Authority (PA) directly participated in an Israeli military operation.

The IDF has stated that the aims of Iron Wall are to preserve its "freedom of action” in the West Bank, to neutralize militant infrastructure, and to eliminate imminent threats. Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu also said the operation is an action against the "Iranian axis", referring to the Iranian support of West Bank militants, and Israeli far-right finance minister Bezalel Smotrich said it marks the start of a campaign to protect Israeli settlements in the occupied region. Israeli defense minister Israel Katz said it marks a shift in the IDF's security plan in the West Bank and was “the first lesson from the method of repeated raids in Gaza”, later clarifying that Israeli forces planned to maintain a long-term military presence in Jenin beyond the operation's conclusion.

Compared to Israel's last West Bank operation in 2024, Iron Wall has been yielding operational success, according to Israeli and pro-Israeli sources. Israeli forces have seized control of the Jenin refugee camp, clearing it from militants, and have destroyed Nur Shams and the refugee camp in Tulkarm. More than 40,000 Palestinians have been forced to leave their homes due to the operation, with the rate of displacement being the highest since the 1967 Six-Day War.