683 series
| 683 series | |
|---|---|
| A refurbished JR-West 683-4000 series train on a Thunderbird service in April 2022 | |
| Manufacturer | Hitachi, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Kinki Sharyo | 
| Family name | A-train | 
| Replaced | 485 series | 
| Constructed | 2001–2011 | 
| Entered service | 2001 | 
| Refurbished | 2015– | 
| Number built | 270 vehicles | 
| Number in service | 189 vehicles (the rest of 79 vehicles were converted to 289 series) | 
| Number scrapped | 2 vehicles | 
| Formation | 3/5/6/9 cars per trainset | 
| Operators | JR-West (2001–) Hokuetsu Express (2005–2015) | 
| Depots | Kyoto, Kanazawa | 
| Lines served | Tokaido Main Line, Kosei Line, Hokuriku Main Line, IR Ishikawa Railway Line, Nanao Line | 
| Specifications | |
| Car body construction | Aluminium alloy, double-skin | 
| Maximum speed | 160 km/h (100 mph) (683-4000/5000/8000 series) 130 km/h (80 mph) (683-0/1000/2000/3000 series) | 
| Traction system | Variable frequency (3-level IGBT) | 
| Electric system(s) | 20 kV AC 60 Hz / 1,500 V DC overhead | 
| Current collector(s) | WPS27C scissors-type pantograph WPS28D single-arm pantograph (683-4000/5000 series) | 
| Braking system(s) | Regenerative brake, electronically controlled pneumatic brakes, snow-resistant brake | 
| Safety system(s) | ATS-SW, ATS-P | 
| Multiple working | 681 series | 
| Track gauge | 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) | 
The 683 series (683系, 683-kei) is a dual-voltage electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR-West) on limited express services in Japan since 2001.