7×57mm Mauser
| 7×57mm | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Two 7×57mm cartridges next to a 7.5×55mm/GP11 (middle), .308 Winchester and .223 Remington (far right) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Type | Rifle | |||||||||||||||||||
| Place of origin | German Empire | |||||||||||||||||||
| Service history | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Used by | Austria-Hungary Spain Dominican Republic Colombia Mexico Brazil Chile Cuba Kingdom of Serbia Venezuela First Philippine Republic Boers | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wars | First Rif War Spanish–American War Philippine–American War Mexican Revolution Second Boer War Macedonian Struggle Balkan Wars First World War Spanish Civil War other conflicts | |||||||||||||||||||
| Production history | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Designer | Paul Mauser | |||||||||||||||||||
| Designed | 1892 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Produced | 1892–present | |||||||||||||||||||
| Variants | 7×57mmR (rimmed) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Specifications | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Parent case | none | |||||||||||||||||||
| Case type | Rimless, bottleneck | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bullet diameter | 7.25 mm (0.285 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Land diameter | 6.98 mm (0.275 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Neck diameter | 8.25 mm (0.325 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Shoulder diameter | 10.92 mm (0.430 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Base diameter | 12.01 mm (0.473 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rim diameter | 12.10 mm (0.476 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rim thickness | 1.15 mm (0.045 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Case length | 57.00 mm (2.244 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Overall length | 78.00 mm (3.071 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Case capacity | 3.90 cm3 (60.2 gr H2O) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rifling twist | 220 mm (1 in 8.66 in) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Primer type | Large rifle | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum pressure (C.I.P.) | 390.00 MPa (56,565 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum pressure (SAAMI) | 351.63 MPa (51,000 psi) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Maximum CUP | 46,000 CUP | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ballistic performance | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Test barrel length: 735 mm (29 in) 173 g military loading, 600 mm (23.62 in) RWS Source(s): RWS / RUAG Ammotech | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 7×57mmR | |
|---|---|
| Specifications | |
| Case type | Rimmed, bottlenecked |
| Bullet diameter | 7.25 mm (0.285 in) |
| Neck diameter | 8.25 mm (0.325 in) |
| Shoulder diameter | 10.92 mm (0.430 in) |
| Base diameter | 12.05 mm (0.474 in) |
| Rim diameter | 13.50 mm (0.531 in) |
| Rim thickness | 1.60 mm (0.063 in) |
| Case length | 57.00 mm (2.244 in) |
| Overall length | 78.00 mm (3.071 in) |
| Case capacity | 3.90 cm3 (60.2 gr H2O) |
| Rifling twist | 220 mm (1 in 8.66 in) |
| Primer type | Large rifle |
| Maximum pressure (C.I.P.) | 340.00 MPa (49,313 psi) |
The 7×57mm Mauser (designated as the 7 mm Mauser or 7×57mm by the SAAMI and 7 × 57 by the C.I.P.) is a first-generation smokeless powder rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge. It was developed by Paul Mauser of the Mauser company in 1892 and adopted as a military cartridge by Spain in 1893. It was subsequently adopted by several other countries as the standard military cartridge, and although now obsolete as a military cartridge, it remains in widespread international use as a sporting round. The 7×57 Mauser (originally known in Britain as the .275) was a popular stalking cartridge and sporting rifles in this chambering were made by the famous British riflemakers, such as John Rigby, Holland and Holland, Westley Richards and others. British cartridge nomenclature designated caliber in inches, and the cartridge was known as the .275 bore after the measurement of a 7 mm rifle's bore across the lands. The cartridge is today often erroneously referred to as the ".275 Rigby", however neither Rigby & Sons nor Kynoch (the major UK ammunition manufacturer of the period) sold the cartridge in boxes labeled .275 Rigby - instead it was always marked ".275 bore" (Rigby) or 7mm Mauser (Kynoch) and it is doubtful the cartridge was ever referred to as the ".275 Rigby" during its golden period.