ACKR3

ACKR3
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	7SK6, 7SK5
Identifiers
Aliases	ACKR3, CMKOR1, CXC-R7, CXCR-7, CXCR7, GPR159, RDC-1, RDC1, atypical chemokine receptor 3
External IDs	OMIM: 610376; MGI: 109562; HomoloGene: 22419; GeneCards: ACKR3; OMA:ACKR3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	236,582,354 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (mouse)
End	90,144,473 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	synovial joint; ; vena cava; ; tendon of biceps brachii; ; cartilage tissue; ; skin of hip; ; saphenous vein; ; pericardium; ; synovial membrane; ; tibial arteries; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus;
	Top expressed in
	medial ganglionic eminence; ; renal corpuscle; ; medullary collecting duct; ; endocardial cushion; ; aortic valve; ; stria vascularis; ; ascending aorta; ; ciliary body; ; myocardium of ventricle; ; iris;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	C-X-C chemokine receptor activity; G protein-coupled receptor activity; coreceptor activity; C-X-C chemokine binding; signal transducer activity; chemokine binding; scavenger receptor activity; protein binding; C-C chemokine receptor activity; C-C chemokine binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; recycling endosome; endosome; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle; membrane; plasma membrane; cell surface; early endosome; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; clathrin-coated pit; nucleus; external side of plasma membrane;
Biological process	chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; receptor internalization; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage; vasculogenesis; multicellular organism development; chemotaxis; cell adhesion; angiogenesis; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; viral process; signal transduction; positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; immune response; positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration; calcium-mediated signaling; cell chemotaxis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	57007
	12778
	ENSG00000144476
	ENSMUSG00000044337
	P25106
	P56485
	NM_001047841; NM_020311
	NM_001271607; NM_007722
	NP_064707
	NP_001258536; NP_031748
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Atypical chemokine receptor 3 also known as C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR-7) and G-protein coupled receptor 159 (GPR159) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACKR3 gene.

This gene encodes a G protein-coupled receptor family member. It belongs to the chemokine receptor family of GPCRs. Within this family, ACKR3 is classified as a class A GPCR. This GPCR protein was earlier thought to be a receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and was considered to be an orphan receptor. It is now classified as a chemokine receptor able to bind the chemokines CXCL12/SDF-1 and CXCL11. The protein is also a coreceptor for human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). Translocations involving this gene and HMGA2 on chromosome 12 have been observed in lipomas. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein isoform have been found for this gene. Whereas some reports claim that the receptor induces signaling following ligand binding, recent findings in zebrafish suggest that CXCR7 functions primarily by sequestering the chemokine CXCL12.

Another study has provided evidence that ligand binding to CXCR7 activates MAP kinases through Beta-arrestins, and thus has functions beyond ligand sequestration.

ACKR3 has also been shown to sequester endogenous opioid peptides and is thought to modulate their activity.