ALYREF

ALYREF
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3ULH
Identifiers
Aliases	ALYREF, ALY, ALY/REF, BEF, REF, THOC4, Aly/REF export factor
External IDs	OMIM: 604171; MGI: 1341044; HomoloGene: 134554; GeneCards: ALYREF; OMA:ALYREF - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (human)
End	81,891,586 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	120,489,191 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	ganglionic eminence; ; ventricular zone; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; left testis; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; right testis; ; monocyte; ; granulocyte; ; appendix; ; skin of abdomen;
	Top expressed in
	maxillary prominence; ; mandibular prominence; ; ventricular zone; ; somite; ; epiblast; ; abdominal wall; ; renal corpuscle; ; yolk sac; ; gastrula; ; thymus;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding; nucleic acid binding; RNA binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; cytosol; nuclear speck; catalytic step 2 spliceosome; membrane; transcription export complex; exon-exon junction complex; spliceosomal complex; extracellular exosome; nucleus; nucleoplasm;
Biological process	regulation of DNA recombination; mRNA splicing, via spliceosome; termination of RNA polymerase II transcription; mRNA transport; mRNA processing; viral mRNA export from host cell nucleus; mRNA export from nucleus; positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription, elongation; osteoblast differentiation; replication fork processing; viral process; mRNA 3'-end processing; RNA splicing; RNA export from nucleus; transport;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	10189
	21681
	ENSG00000183684
	ENSMUSG00000025134
	Q86V81
	O08583
	NM_005782
	NM_011568
	NP_005773
	NP_035698
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Aly/REF export factor, also known as THO complex subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALYREF gene.

The ALYREF gene encodes Aly/REF export factor (ALY; THO complex subunit 4, Tho4; RNA and export factor binding protein 1, Refbp1), a ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that functions as a molecular chaperone and export adapter involved in nuclear export of spliced and unspliced mRNA. The TRanscription-EXport (TREX) complex, a key player in mRNA export, includes the THO subcomplex, the RNA helicase UAP56, and the RNA-binding protein ALY. In yeast, TREX is recruited co-transcriptionally; in human cells it is recruited during a late step of splicing. The human TREX complex is recruited to a region near the 5' end of mRNA by interaction of ALY and THO with the nuclear cap-binding complex. As a chaperone, ALY promotes dimerization of transcription factors containing basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domains., thereby promoting transcriptional activation. ALY has key roles in 3'-end processing of polyadenylated mRNAs and in nuclear export of both polyadenylated and non-polyadenylated mRNAs. After mRNA binds to ALY, it is apparently transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NFX1 pathway). The full-length ALY protein (Refbp1-I, 255 amino acids encoded by six exons) has a conserved RNA recognition motif (RRM; amino acids 105-182) flanked by alanine/arginine/glycine-rich sequences; an N-terminal region (amino acids 16-37) is sufficient for RNA binding and interaction with the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer.