Acela Express (trainset)

Acela Express
Amtrak Acela Express train, led by power car #2009, at Old Saybrook, Connecticut
Business Class car interior
ManufacturerBombardier, Alstom
Constructed1998–2001
Entered service2000
Number built20 sets
Number in service20 sets
SuccessorAvelia Liberty
Formation8 cars (two power cars, six coaches)
Fleet numbers2000–2039 (power cars)
Capacity304 (44 in First Class, 260 in Business Class)
OperatorsAmtrak
Depots
Lines servedNortheast Corridor
Specifications
Car body constructionStainless steel
Train length663 ft 8+34 in (202.30 m)
Car length
  • 69 ft 7+38 in (21.22 m) (power car)
  • 87 ft 5 in (26.64 m) (coach)
Width
  • 10 ft 5 in (3.18 m) (power car)
  • 10 ft 4+12 in (3.16 m) (coach)
Height
  • 14 ft 2 in (4.32 m) (power car, rail to roof)
  • 13 ft 10+58 in (4.23 m) (coach)
Floor height4 ft 3 in (1.30 m)
EntryLevel
DoorsSingle leaf sliding plug doors:
  • 4 per side (intermediate coaches)
  • 2 per side (end coaches)
Wheel diameter
  • 40 in (1,016 mm) (power car)
  • 36 in (914 mm) (coach)
Wheelbase
  • 35 ft 3 in (10.74 m) (power car)
  • 59 ft 6 in (18.14 m) (coach)
Maximum speed
  • 165 mph (266 km/h) (design)
  • 150 mph (240 km/h) (service)
Weight
  • 1,246,000 lb (565,000 kg) (trainset)
  • 204,000 lb (93,000 kg) (power car)
  • 142,000 lb (64,000 kg) (end coach)
  • 139,000 lb (63,000 kg) (intermediate coach)
  • 137,000 lb (62,000 kg) (bistro coach)
Axle load
  • 51,000 lb (23,000 kg) (power car)
  • 35,750 lb (16,220 kg) (coach)
Traction systemAlstom GTOVVVF inverter control
Traction motors4 × Alstom 4-FXA-4559C 1,540 hp (1,150 kW) 3-phase AC induction motor
Power output6,200 hp (4,600 kW)
Tractive effort49,500 lbf (220.2 kN) (per power car, starting)
TransmissionAC–DC–AC
Power supply2850 V DC (PWM rectified) voltage regulated from mains re-inverted to three-phase, frequency and voltage controlled AC waveform
Electric system(s)Overhead line;
Current collector(s)Pantograph, 2 per power car
UIC classificationBo′Bo′+2′2′+2′2′+2′2′+2′2′+2′2′+2′2′+Bo′Bo′
AAR wheel arrangementB-B+2-2+2-2+2-2+2-2+2-2+2-2+B-B
Braking system(s)
Safety system(s)Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System (ACSES)
Track gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Notes/references
Specifications:

The first-generation Acela Express trainset is a unique set of vehicles used on the Acela, Amtrak's flagship high-speed service along the Northeast Corridor (NEC) in the Northeastern United States. When they debuted in 2000, the sets were the fastest in the Americas, reaching speeds of up to 150 miles per hour (240 km/h) on 33.9 miles (54.6 km) of the route. Built between 1998 and 2001 by a consortium of Alstom and Bombardier, each set consists of two power cars derived from units that Alstom built for the TGV and six passenger cars based on the LRC design Bombardier created for Via Rail.

Although based on TGV technology, the Acela equipment is substantially heavier to meet Federal Railroad Administration crashworthiness standards, resulting in a lower power-to-weight ratio of about 22.4 horsepower (16.7 kW) per tonne (2,200 lb), compared to 30.8 hp (23 kW) for a SNCF TGV Réseau set. Unlike the TGV, the Acela incorporates active tilt technology, which mitigates lateral centrifugal force and allows higher speeds through the NEC's sharp curves without discomforting passengers.

The current Acela Express fleet is slated to be replaced by new Avelia Liberty trainsets, similar to the SNCF TGV M, beginning in spring 2025, though a firm start date has not yet been announced. The new trains will offer increased passenger capacity and an enhanced active tilt system to allow faster speeds on curved sections of the route.