Antimonide
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| Names | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Antimonide | |||
| Other names
Stibinide | |||
| Properties | |||
| Sb3− | |||
| Molar mass | 121.760 g·mol−1 | ||
| Conjugate acid | Stibanide | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |||
Antimonides (sometimes called stibnides or stibinides) are compounds of antimony with more electropositive elements. The antimonide ion is Sb3− but the term refers also to any anionic derivative of antimony.
Antimonides are often prepared by heating the elements. Alternatively, sodium electride in ammonia dissolves antimony to give an antimonide upon evaporation.
The reduction of antimony leads to alkali metal antimonides of various types, depending on stoichiometry. Known antimonides include isolated Sb3− ions (in Li3Sb and Na3Sb). Other motifs include dumbbells Sb4−2 in Cs4Sb2, discrete antimony chains, for example, Sb8−6 in SrSb3, infinite spirals (Sb−)n (in NaSb, RbSb), planar four-membered rings Sb2−4, Sb3−7 cages in Li3Sb7, and net shaped anions Sb2−3 in BaSb3.
Some antimonides are semiconductors, e.g. those of the boron group such as indium antimonide. Being reducing, many antimonides are decomposed by oxygen.