Kingdom of Pergamon
Kingdom of Pergamon | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| approx. 282 BC–129 BC | |||||||||||
Pergamon in 188 BC | |||||||||||
| Capital | Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, İzmir, Turkey) | ||||||||||
| Common languages | Greek Lycian, Carian, Lydian | ||||||||||
| Religion | Greek Polytheism, Hellenistic Religion | ||||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||||
| Basileus | |||||||||||
• 282–263 BC | Philetaerus | ||||||||||
• 263–241 BC | Eumenes I | ||||||||||
• 241–197 BC | Attalus I | ||||||||||
• 197–159 BC | Eumenes II | ||||||||||
• 160–138 BC | Attalus II | ||||||||||
• 138–133 BC | Attalus III | ||||||||||
• 133–129 BC | Eumenes III | ||||||||||
| Historical era | Hellenistic period | ||||||||||
| approx. 282 BC | |||||||||||
| 133 BC | |||||||||||
| 129 BC | |||||||||||
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The Kingdom of Pergamon, Pergamene Kingdom, or Attalid kingdom was a Greek state during the Hellenistic period that ruled much of the Western part of Asia Minor from its capital city of Pergamon. It was ruled by the Attalid dynasty (/ˈætəlɪd/; Greek: Δυναστεία των Ατταλιδών, romanized: Dynasteía ton Attalidón).
The kingdom was a rump state that was created from the territory ruled by Lysimachus, a general of Alexander the Great. Philetaerus, one of Lysimachus' lieutenants, rebelled and took the city of Pergamon and its environs with him; Lysimachus died soon after in 281 BC. The new kingdom was initially in a vassal-like relationship of nominal fealty to the Seleucid Empire, but exercised considerable autonomy and soon became entirely independent. It was a monarchy ruled by Philetaerus's extended family and their descendants. It lasted around 150 years before being eventually absorbed by the Roman Republic during the period from 133–129 BC.