Bellamy salute

The Bellamy salute is a palm-out salute created by James B. Upham as the gesture that was to accompany the Pledge of Allegiance of the United States of America, whose text had been written by Francis Bellamy. It was also known as the "flag salute" during the period when it was used with the Pledge of Allegiance. Bellamy promoted the salute, and it came to be associated with his name. Both the Pledge and its salute originated in 1892. Later, during the 1920s and 1930s, Italian fascists and Nazi Germans adopted a similar salute that also resembled the so-called Roman salute, a gesture falsely attributed to ancient Rome. The introduction of the Nazi salute resulted in controversy over the use of the Bellamy salute in the United States. The Bellamy salute was replaced with saluting the flag by placing the right hand over the heart when Congress amended the Flag Code on December 22, 1942.