Brown Bluff
| Brown Bluff | |
|---|---|
Brown Bluff as seen from Antarctic Sound | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 745 m (2,444 ft) |
| Listing | List of subglacial volcanoes List of volcanoes in Antarctica |
| Coordinates | 63°32′S 56°55′W / 63.533°S 56.917°W |
| Geography | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Tuya |
| Volcanic field | James Ross Island Volcanic Group |
| Last eruption | Pleistocene |
Brown Bluff is a basalt tuya on the Tabarin Peninsula of northern Antarctica. It formed in the last 1 million years as a result of subglacial eruptions within an englacial lake. The volcano's original diameter is thought to have been about 12–15 kilometers (7.5–9.3 mi) and was probably formed by a single vent. Brown Bluff is divided into four stages: pillow volcano, tuff cone, slope failure, and hyaloclastite delta; and into five structural units.
The volcano gets its name from its steep slopes and brown-to-black hyaloclastite. It was applied by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey following their survey in 1946.