Byzantine Italy

Byzantine Italy consisted of various parts of the Italian peninsula that were under the control of the Byzantine Empire since the Gothic War (535–554), and up to the end of the 11th century, with a brief attempt of Byzantine reconquest in the middle of the 12th century.

Chronologically, it refers to:

Several states avoided conquest by the Lombards or Franks and maintained nominal Byzantine allegiance even after the Byzantine presence in Italy came to an end:

Likewise, the island of Sardinia maintained Byzantine allegiance in this period:

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