CXCL1

CXCL1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1MGS, 1MSG, 1MSH
Identifiers
Aliases	CXCL1, FSP, GRO1, GROa, MGSA, MGSA-a, NAP-3, SCYB1, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1
External IDs	OMIM: 155730; MGI: 1340094; HomoloGene: 136748; GeneCards: CXCL1; OMA:CXCL1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (human)
End	73,871,308 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (mouse)
End	91,053,797 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	olfactory zone of nasal mucosa; ; periodontal fiber; ; spleen; ; cartilage tissue; ; palpebral conjunctiva; ; epithelium of bronchus; ; mucosa of paranasal sinus; ; bronchial epithelial cell; ; nasal epithelium; ; epithelium of nasopharynx;
	Top expressed in
	granulocyte; ; stroma of bone marrow; ; embryo; ; endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel; ; embryo; ; islet of Langerhans; ; spermatid; ; lumbar subsegment of spinal cord; ; lumbar spinal ganglion; ; thymus;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	signaling receptor binding; growth factor activity; cytokine activity; enzyme activator activity; CXCR chemokine receptor binding; chemokine activity;
Cellular component	extracellular region; extracellular space; specific granule lumen; tertiary granule lumen;
Biological process	negative regulation of cell population proliferation; intracellular signal transduction; response to lipopolysaccharide; signal transduction; G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; nervous system development; positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis; cell population proliferation; actin cytoskeleton organization; immune response; chemokine-mediated signaling pathway; positive regulation of catalytic activity; cell chemotaxis; chemotaxis; defense response; inflammatory response; neutrophil degranulation; antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide; regulation of signaling receptor activity; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; neutrophil chemotaxis; leukocyte chemotaxis; cellular response to lipopolysaccharide;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2919
	20310
	ENSG00000163739
	ENSMUSG00000058427
	P09341
	P10889
	NM_001511
	NM_009140
	NP_001502
	NP_033166
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

The chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1) is a small peptide belonging to the CXC chemokine family that acts as a chemoattractant for several immune cells, especially neutrophils or other non-hematopoietic cells to the site of injury or infection and plays an important role in regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. It was previously called GRO1 oncogene, GROα, neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3) and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MGSA-α). CXCL1 was first cloned from a cDNA library of genes induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation of BALB/c-3T3 murine embryonic fibroblasts and named "KC" for its location in the nitrocellulose colony hybridization assay. This designation is sometimes erroneously believed to be an acronym and defined as "keratinocytes-derived chemokine". Rat CXCL1 was first reported when NRK-52E (normal rat kidney-52E) cells were stimulated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to generate a cytokine that was chemotactic for rat neutrophils, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC). In humans, this protein is encoded by the gene CXCL1 and is located on human chromosome 4 among genes for other CXC chemokines.