Carlos Manuel de Céspedes

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
Painting of Carlos Manuel
1st President of the Republic of Cuba in Arms
In office
1869–1873
Vice PresidentFrancisco Vicente Aguilera
Succeeded bySalvador Cisneros Betancourt
Personal details
Born18 April 1819
Bayamo, Oriente Province, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire
DiedFebruary 27, 1874(1874-02-27) (aged 54)
Sierra Maestra, Oriente Province, Captaincy General of Cuba, Spanish Empire
Resting placeSanta Ifigenia Cemetery
ChildrenCarlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada
Oscar de Céspedes
Military service
AllegianceCuban Liberation Army
Years of serviceFrom 1868 to his death in 1874
RankArmy General
Battles/wars

Carlos Manuel de Céspedes del Castillo (18 April 1819, Bayamo, Spanish Cuba 27 February 1874, San Lorenzo, Spanish Cuba) was a Cuban revolutionary hero and First President of Cuba in Arms in 1868. Cespedes, who was a plantation owner in Cuba, freed his slaves and made the declaration of Cuban independence in 1868 which started the Ten Years' War (1868–1878). This was the first of three wars of independence, the third of which, the Cuban War of Independence led to the end of Spanish rule in 1898 and Cuba's independence in 1902.

Because of his actions which led to the eventual independence of Cuba, and the fact that three of his children died during his long fight for independence, he is known there as the "Father of the homeland".