Consensus Patrum

Consensus Patrum (Latin for 'Consensus of the Fathers') is the principle that Christian doctrine should align with the common teaching of the Church Fathers. Formulated by Vincent of Lérins, it emphasizes universality, antiquity, and consensus as criteria for orthodoxy. It has played a key role in Ecumenical Councils, Scholasticism, and Reformation debates.

In Eastern Orthodoxy, Consensus Patrum remains central, guiding doctrine and biblical interpretation. The Catholic Church upholds patristic consensus, especially in Scripture interpretation, but acknowledges that individual Fathers are not infallible. Anglicanism values it as a middle ground between Catholicism and Protestantism. In contrast, most Protestant traditions prioritize sola scriptura, though some Reformers engaged with patristic writings.

Modern discussions question its application, noting historical variations among the Fathers. While it supports doctrinal continuity, scholars debate its role in theological development, balancing tradition with historical context.