Dantrolene

Dantrolene
Clinical data
Trade names	Dantrium, Revonto, Ryanodex
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682576
License data	US DailyMed: Dantrolene;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2;
Routes of; administration	By mouth, intravenous
ATC code	M03CA01 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only; EU: Rx-only; In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	70%
Metabolism	Liver
Excretion	Bile duct, kidney
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-{[5-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-furyl]methylideneamino}; imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
CAS Number	7261-97-4 ;
PubChem CID	2952;
IUPHAR/BPS	4172;
DrugBank	DB01219 ;
ChemSpider	2847 ;
UNII	F64QU97QCR;
KEGG	D02347 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:4317 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1201288 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7022881 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.027.895
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C14H10N4O5
Molar mass	314.257 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [O-][N+](=O)c3ccc(c2oc(C=NN1C(=O)NC(=O)C1)cc2)cc3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H10N4O5/c19-13-8-17(14(20)16-13)15-7-11-5-6-12(23-11)9-1-3-10(4-2-9)18(21)22/h1-7H,8H2,(H,16,19,20) ; Key:OZOMQRBLCMDCEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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Dantrolene sodium, sold under the brand name Dantrium among others, is a postsynaptic muscle relaxant that lessens excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells. It achieves this by inhibiting Ca²⁺ ions release from sarcoplasmic reticulum stores by antagonizing ryanodine receptors. It is the primary drug used for the treatment and prevention of malignant hyperthermia, a rare, life-threatening disorder triggered by general anesthesia or drugs. It is also used in the management of neuroleptic malignant syndrome, muscle spasticity (e.g. after strokes, in paraplegia, cerebral palsy, or patients with multiple sclerosis), and poisoning by 2,4-dinitrophenol or by the related compounds dinoseb and dinoterb.

The most frequently occurring side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, general malaise, fatigue, and diarrhea.

It is marketed by Par Pharmaceuticals LLC as Dantrium (in North America) and by Norgine BV as Dantrium, Dantamacrin, or Dantrolen (in Europe). A hospital is recommended to keep a minimum stock of 36 dantrolene vials totaling 720 mg, sufficient for a 70-kg person.