Demographics of Singapore

As of June 2024, the population of Singapore is 6.04 million. Of these 6.04 million people, 4.18 million are residents, consisting of 3.64 million citizens and 544,900 permanent residents (PRs). The remaining 1.86 million people living in Singapore are classed as non-residents, defined as "foreign workforce across all pass types, dependants and international students".

Singapore is a multi-racial, multi-ethnic and multi-cultural society. Major religions include Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism and Hinduism. Its population is broadly classified under the CMIO system: Chinese, Malay, Indian and Other. While Malays are recognised as the indigenous community, 75.9 percent of citizens and permanent residents are ethnic Chinese, with Malays and Indians making up 15.0 and 7.5 percent respectively. These three groups comprise 98.4 percent of the citizen population, while the remaining 1.6 percent, categorised as Other, are largely Eurasians. Non-residents, who make up 29 percent of the overall population, are excluded from resident statistics. Officially, mixed-race Singaporeans are typically assigned their father's race, though their identity card may also reflect both parents' ethnicities.

Singapore has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin and Tamil. Malay holds the status of national language, but English is the main working language. The education system is bilingual, with English as the medium of instruction and a second language, usually Malay, Mandarin or Tamil, also required. Singlish, a local creole, is commonly spoken in informal settings across all major ethnic groups. In 2020, the total population growth rate was -0.3 percent. The resident total fertility rate (TFR) was 1.10, with Chinese at 0.94, Malays at 1.83 and Indians at 0.97.