Demographics of the European Union

Demographics of the European Union
Map showing the population density by NUTS3 region, 2017, including non-EU countries
Population449,206,579 (2024)
Growth rate0.43% (2023)
Birth rate8.7 births per 1,000 (2022)
Death rate11.5 deaths per 1,000 (2022)
Life expectancy81.5 (2023)
  male77.9 years (2022)
  female83.3 years (2022)
Fertility rate1.46 children per woman (2022)
Infant mortality rate3.3 deaths per 1,000 live births (2022)
Language
OfficialSee languages of the European Union
SpokenMost spoken L1: German: 20% (2020)

Most spoken L2: English L2: 43% (2017)

The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 27 member states. As of 1 January 2024, the population of the EU is around 449 million people.