Dichlorine monoxide
| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
Oxygen dichloride | |
| Systematic IUPAC name
Dichloridooxygen Dichlorooxidane | |
| Other names
Dichlorine (mon)oxide Chlorine(I) oxide Hypochlorous oxide Hypochlorous anhydride Chloro hypochlorite | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.312 |
PubChem CID |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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| Properties | |
| Cl2O | |
| Molar mass | 86.9054 g/mol |
| Appearance | brownish-yellow gas |
| Melting point | −120.6 °C (−185.1 °F; 152.6 K) |
| Boiling point | 2.0 °C (35.6 °F; 275.1 K) |
| very soluble, hydrolyses 143 g Cl2O per 100 g water | |
| Solubility in other solvents | soluble in CCl4 |
| Structure | |
| 0.78 ± 0.08 D | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
265.9 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
+80.3 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
| Danger | |
| H290, H314, H400, H411 | |
| P234, P260, P264, P273, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P321, P363, P390, P391, P405, P406, P501 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | |
| Related compounds | |
Other cations |
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Related compounds |
Oxygen difluoride, nitrous oxide, chlorine dioxide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references | |
Dichlorine monoxide (IUPAC name: oxygen dichloride) is an inorganic compound with the molecular formula Cl2O. It was first synthesised in 1834 by Antoine Jérôme Balard, who along with Gay-Lussac also determined its composition. In older literature it is often referred to as chlorine monoxide, which can be a source of confusion as that name now refers to the ClO• radical.
At room temperature it exists as a brownish-yellow gas which is soluble in both water and organic solvents. Chemically, it is a member of the chlorine oxide family of compounds, as well as being the anhydride of hypochlorous acid. It is a strong oxidiser and chlorinating agent.