Digital rupee

Digital rupee (e₹)

Logo of the digital rupee

Digital banknotes and coins
ISO 4217
CodeINR (numeric: 356)
Subunit0.01
Unit
Unitrupee
Symbole
Denominations
Subunit
1100paisa
Symbol
paisa
Banknotes
Freq. usede₹2, e₹5, e₹10, e₹20, e₹50, e₹100, e₹200, e₹500, e₹2,000
Coins
Freq. used50e, e₹1
Demographics
Date of introduction
  • e₹-W: 1 November 2022 (1 November 2022) (pilot test)
  • e₹-R: 1 December 2022 (1 December 2022) (pilot test)
User(s) India
Issuance
Central bankReserve Bank of India
Websitewww.rbi.org.in
Printer
Website
Valuation
Inflation 5.02% (October 2023)
SourceRBI – Annual Inflation Report
MethodConsumer price index (India)
Pegged with Indian rupee (at par)
ValueUSD $1 = e₹83.23
EUR €1 = e₹90.22
INR ₹1 = e₹1.00
CNY ¥1 = e₹11.78
(16 November 2023)

The digital rupee (e₹), eINR, or e-rupee is a tokenised digital version of the Indian rupee, issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as a central bank digital currency (CBDC). The digital rupee was proposed in January 2017 and launched on 1 December 2022. It uses blockchain distributed-ledger technology.

Like banknotes it will be uniquely identifiable and regulated by the central bank. Liability lies with RBI. Plans include online and offline accessibility. RBI launched the Digital Rupee for Wholesale (e₹-W) catering to financial institutions for interbank settlements and the Digital Rupee for Retail (e₹-R) for consumer and business transactions. The implementation of the digital rupee aims to remove the security printing cost borne by the general public, businesses, banks, and RBI on physical currency which amounted to 49,848,000,000.