Durrës
Durrës | |
|---|---|
Municipality and city | |
Panorama of Durrës Mosaics at a Basilica within the Amphitheatre Albanian College Church of Saint Asti and Apostle Paul Amphitheatre Iliria Square | |
| Coordinates: 41°18′48″N 19°26′45″E / 41.31333°N 19.44583°E | |
| Country | Albania |
| Region | Northern Albania |
| County | Durrës |
| Founded | 7th century BC |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–council |
| • Body | Durrës Municipal Council |
| • Mayor | Emiriana Sako (PS) |
| Area | |
| • Municipality | 338.30 km2 (130.62 sq mi) |
| • Administrative unit | 39.81 km2 (15.37 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2023) | |
| • Urban | 195,920 |
| • Metro | 265,330 |
| • Municipality | 153,614 |
| • Municipality density | 454/km2 (1,180/sq mi) |
| • Administrative unit | 101,728 |
| • Administrative unit density | 2,555/km2 (6,620/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Albanian: Durrsak (m), Durrsake (f) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 2000 |
| Area code | +355 (0) 52 |
| Seaport | Port of Durrës |
| Motorways | |
| Highways | |
| Vehicle registration | DR |
| Website | durres |
Durrës (/ˈdʊrəs/ DUURR-əs, Albanian: [ˈdurəs]; Albanian definite form: Durrësi) is the second most populous city of the Republic of Albania and seat of Durrës County and Durrës Municipality. It is one of Albania's oldest continuously inhabited cities, with roughly 2,500 years of recorded history. It is located on a flat plain along the Albanian Adriatic Sea Coast between the mouths of the Erzen and Ishëm at the southeastern corner of the Adriatic Sea. Durrës' climate is profoundly influenced by a seasonal Mediterranean climate.
Durrës was founded under the name of Epidamnos around the 7th century BC, by ancient Greek colonists from Corinth and Corcyra in cooperation with the Taulantii, a local Illyrian tribe. Also known as Dyrrachium, Durrës developed as it became an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire. The Via Egnatia started in the city and led east across the fields, lowlands and highlands of the Balkan Peninsula to Constantinople.
In the Middle Ages, Durrës was contested between Bulgarians, Venetians, local Albanian noble families, and the Ottoman Empire. The Ottomans ultimately prevailed, ruling the city for more than 400 years from 1501 until 1912. Following the Albanian Declaration of Independence, the city served as the capital of the Principality of Albania for a short period of time. Subsequently, it was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy in the interwar period and was occupied by Nazi Germany during World War II. Durrës experienced a strong expansion in its demography and economic activity under the People's Socialist Republic of Albania.
The transport connections, concentration of economic institutions and industrial tradition underlie Durrës' leading economic position in Albania. It is served by the Port of Durrës, one of the largest on the Adriatic Sea, which connects the city to other neighbouring countries. Its most considerable attraction is the Amphitheatre of Durrës that is included on the Albanian tentative list for designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Once having a capacity for 20,000 people, it is the largest amphitheatre in the Balkan Peninsula.