East Turkestan Liberation Organization

East Turkestan Liberation Organization
LeaderMehmet Emin Hazret
Dates of operation1997–2003
MotivesIndependence of East Turkestan from China
Active regionsXinjiang
IdeologyUyghur nationalism, Separatism, Islamism, Turanism
Status Designated as a terrorist organization (15 December 2003)
Designated as a terrorist organization (November 2006)
Designated as a terrorist organization (September 2007)
East Turkestan Liberation Organization
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese東突厥斯坦解放組織
Simplified Chinese东突厥斯坦解放组织
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinDōng Tūjuésītǎn Jiěfàng Zǔzhī
Uyghur name
Uyghurشارقىي تۇركەستان ئازاتلىق تەشكىلاتى
Transcriptions
Latin YëziqiŞärqiy Türkestan Azatliq Teşkilati
Siril YëziqiШәрқий Түркестан Азатлиқ Тешкилати

The East Turkestan Liberation Organization (ETLO) was a secessionist Uyghur organization that advocated for an independent Uyghur state named East Turkestan in the Western Chinese province known as Xinjiang. The organization was established in Turkey in late 1997 to fight against the Chinese government in Xinjiang, a territory of ethnic Uyghur majority.

ETLO has been described by scholars as demanding total independence and supporting or being indifferent to more radical methods driven by religious and ethnic motives. ETLO is a designated terrorist organization by the governments of China, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan.