Laayoune

Laayoune
العيون (Arabic)
El Aaiún
City
Left to right, top to bottom: Footprints on the sand, Place Mechouar, Street, Monumental Arch, Laayoune Cathedral
Laayoune
Location in Western Sahara
Laayoune
Laayoune (Africa)
Coordinates: 27°09′00″N 13°11′56″W / 27.15000°N 13.19889°W / 27.15000; -13.19889
Non-self-governing territoryWestern Sahara
Claimed by Kingdom of Morocco
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Controlled by Kingdom of Morocco
RegionLaâyoune-Sakia El Hamra
ProvinceLaâyoune
Settled1934
Founded1938
Founded byAntonio de Oro
Area
  Total
247.8 km2 (95.68 sq mi)
Population
 (2014)
  Total
217,732
  Density880/km2 (2,300/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (West Africa Time)
  Summer (DST)(Not Observed)

Laayoune or El Aaiún (Arabic: العيون, al-ʕuyūn [alʕujuːn], Hassaniyya: [ˈləʕjuːn] , lit.'The Springs') is the largest city of the disputed territory of Western Sahara, with a population of 271,344 in 2023. The city is the de jure capital of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, though it is under de facto Moroccan administration as occupied territory. The modern city is thought to have been founded by the Spanish captain Antonio de Oro in 1938. From 1958, it became the administrative capital of the Spanish Sahara, administered by the Governor General of Spanish West Africa.

In 2023, Laayoune is the capital of the Laâyoune-Sakia El Hamra region administered by Morocco, it is still under the supervision of MINURSO, a UN mission.

The town is located south of the dry river of Saguia el-Hamra, where the old lower town constructed by Spanish colonists is located. The St. Francis of Assisi Cathedral was constructed during the Spanish period and is still active with a few Catholic missionaries.