Explorer 9
| Explorer 9 before launch | |
| Names | S-56A Explorer IX NASA S-56A | 
|---|---|
| Mission type | Air density research | 
| Operator | NASA | 
| Harvard designation | 1961 Delta 1 | 
| COSPAR ID | 1961-004A | 
| SATCAT no. | 00081 | 
| Mission duration | 3 years (achieved) | 
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Explorer IX | 
| Spacecraft type | Air Density Explorer | 
| Bus | S-56 | 
| Manufacturer | Langley Research Center | 
| Launch mass | 7 kg (15 lb) | 
| Dimensions | 3.66 m (12.0 ft) diameter | 
| Power | solar cells and rechargeable batteries | 
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 16 February 1961, 13:05:00 GMT | 
| Rocket | Scout X-1 (ST-4) | 
| Launch site | Wallops Flight Facility, LA-3 | 
| Contractor | Vought | 
| Entered service | 16 February 1961 | 
| End of mission | |
| Decay date | 9 April 1964 | 
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit | 
| Regime | Medium Earth orbit | 
| Perigee altitude | 545 km (339 mi) | 
| Apogee altitude | 2,225 km (1,383 mi) | 
| Inclination | 38.91° | 
| Period | 118.6 minutes | 
| Instruments | |
| Satellite Drag Atmospheric Density | |
| Explorer Program | |
Explorer 9, known as S-56A before launch, was a NASA satellite which was launched in February 1961 to study the density and composition of the upper thermosphere and lower exosphere. It was a reflight of the failed Explorer S-56 mission, and consisted of a 7 kg (15 lb), 3.66 m (12.0 ft) balloon which was deployed into a medium Earth orbit. The mission was conducted by NASA's Langley Research Center.