Explorer 9

Explorer 9
Explorer 9 before launch
NamesS-56A
Explorer IX
NASA S-56A
Mission typeAir density research
OperatorNASA
Harvard designation1961 Delta 1
COSPAR ID1961-004A
SATCAT no.00081
Mission duration3 years (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
SpacecraftExplorer IX
Spacecraft typeAir Density Explorer
BusS-56
ManufacturerLangley Research Center
Launch mass7 kg (15 lb)
Dimensions3.66 m (12.0 ft) diameter
Powersolar cells and
rechargeable batteries
Start of mission
Launch date16 February 1961,
13:05:00 GMT
RocketScout X-1 (ST-4)
Launch siteWallops Flight Facility, LA-3
ContractorVought
Entered service16 February 1961
End of mission
Decay date9 April 1964
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeMedium Earth orbit
Perigee altitude545 km (339 mi)
Apogee altitude2,225 km (1,383 mi)
Inclination38.91°
Period118.6 minutes
Instruments
Satellite Drag Atmospheric Density
Explorer Program

Explorer 9, known as S-56A before launch, was a NASA satellite which was launched in February 1961 to study the density and composition of the upper thermosphere and lower exosphere. It was a reflight of the failed Explorer S-56 mission, and consisted of a 7 kg (15 lb), 3.66 m (12.0 ft) balloon which was deployed into a medium Earth orbit. The mission was conducted by NASA's Langley Research Center.