Fascist and anti-Fascist violence in Italy (1919–1926)

Civil unrest in Italy (1919–1926)
Fascist Revolution
Part of the Revolutions of 1917–23

Benito Mussolini and fascists during the March on Rome in 1922
Date15 April 1919 – 31 October 1926
(7 years, 6 months, 2 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Result Ascension of Benito Mussolini as Prime Minister of Italy in 1922 after the March on Rome and fascist takeover of the Italian government in 1924 following the assassination of Giacomo Matteotti. Eventual repression of anti-fascists and arrest of anti-fascist leaders.
Belligerents
Far-left and anti-fascists Government Fascists
Commanders and leaders
Amadeo Bordiga (communist)
Antonio Gramsci (communist)
Errico Malatesta (anarcho-communist)
Guido Picelli (Arditi del Popolo, an anti-fascist coalition)

1919–1922
Victor Emmanuel III
Giovanni Giolitti
Ivanoe Bonomi
Luigi Facta


1922–1926
Victor Emmanuel III
Benito Mussolini
Benito Mussolini (allied with the government after 1922)

The Kingdom of Italy witnessed significant widespread civil unrest and political strife in the aftermath of World War I and the rise of Italian fascism, the far-right movement led by Benito Mussolini, which opposed the rise at the international level of the political left, especially the far-left along with others who opposed fascism. This period of unrest was labelled by the Fascists and later by some historians "the Fascist Revolution" (rivoluzione fascista), although the term did not become commonly accepted by Italian historiography.