Federal Supreme Court of Iraq

The Federal Supreme Court of Iraq (FSC) is the highest court of Iraq within the remit of constitutional law, having exclusive jurisdiction to interpret the Constitution of Iraq. In addition to determining the constitutionality of laws and regulations, FSC settles matters related to the application of federal laws, as well as disputes between the federal government and the federal regions and governorates, municipalities, and local administrations. It also settles accusations directed against the President, the Prime Minister and the Ministers, and ratifies the final results of the general elections for the Council of Representatives. Since 2024, the court has expanded its authorities to include the power to amend regional legislation, such as those passed by the Kurdistan Region Parliament.

The Supreme Court is composed of a president, a deputy, and seven primary members. Federal law stipulates that proportional representation of the main components of Iraqi society must be guaranteed in the court's composition. In practice, this has meant that it is composed of five Shi’i Arabs, two Sunni Arabs, and two Kurds.