Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1

GABRA1
Identifiers
Aliases	GABRA1, ECA4, EIEE19, EJM, EJM5, gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor alpha1 subunit, gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1, DEE19
External IDs	OMIM: 137160; MGI: 95613; HomoloGene: 629; GeneCards: GABRA1; OMA:GABRA1 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	161,899,981 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (mouse)
End	42,073,757 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	lateral nuclear group of thalamus; ; endothelial cell; ; middle temporal gyrus; ; Brodmann area 23; ; superior frontal gyrus; ; primary visual cortex; ; postcentral gyrus; ; frontal pole; ; external globus pallidus; ; prefrontal cortex;
	Top expressed in
	lobe of cerebellum; ; cerebellar vermis; ; deep cerebellar nuclei; ; globus pallidus; ; lateral septal nucleus; ; lateral hypothalamus; ; ventral tegmental area; ; medial geniculate nucleus; ; dorsal tegmental nucleus; ; medial dorsal nucleus;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	ion channel activity; GABA receptor activity; chloride channel activity; extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity; GABA-gated chloride ion channel activity; GABA-A receptor activity; transmitter-gated ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential; transmembrane signaling receptor activity; inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity; benzodiazepine receptor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; postsynaptic membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; integral component of plasma membrane; synapse; chloride channel complex; cell junction; GABA receptor complex; cytoplasmic vesicle membrane; cytoplasmic vesicle; GABA-A receptor complex; GABA-ergic synapse; integral component of postsynaptic specialization membrane; dendrite membrane; neuron projection; postsynapse;
Biological process	gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathway; synaptic transmission, GABAergic; ion transport; chloride transport; cellular response to histamine; chloride transmembrane transport; regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential; ion transmembrane transport; signal transduction; chemical synaptic transmission; regulation of membrane potential; nervous system process; inhibitory synapse assembly;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	2554
	14394
	ENSG00000022355
	ENSMUSG00000010803
	P14867
	P62812
NM_001127648; NM_000806; NM_001127643; NM_001127644; NM_001127645;
	NM_001127646; NM_001127647
	NM_010250; NM_001359035
	NP_000797; NP_001121115; NP_001121116; NP_001121117; NP_001121120
	NP_034380; NP_001345964
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABRA1 gene.

GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian brain where it acts at GABA-A receptors, which are ligand-gated chloride channels. Chloride conductance of these channels can be modulated by agents such as benzodiazepines that bind to the GABA-A receptor. At least 16 distinct subunits of GABA-A receptors have been identified.

The GABRA1 receptor is the specific target of the z-drug class of nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agents and is responsible for their hypnotic and hallucinogenic effects.