| Internet history timeline | 
| Early research and development: Merging the networks and creating the Internet: Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet: Examples of Internet services: 1989 (1989): AOL dial-up service provider, email, instant messaging, and web browser1990 (1990): IMDb Internet movie database1994 (1994): Yahoo! web directory1995 (1995): Amazon online retailer1995 (1995): eBay online auction and shopping1995 (1995): Craigslist classified advertisements1995 (1995): AltaVista search engine1996 (1996): Outlook (formerly Hotmail) free web-based e-mail1996 (1996): RankDex search engine1997 (1997): Google Search1997 (1997): Babel Fish automatic translation1998 (1998): Yahoo Groups (formerly Yahoo! Clubs)1998 (1998): PayPal Internet payment system1998 (1998): Rotten Tomatoes review aggregator1999 (1999): 2ch Anonymous textboard1999 (1999): i-mode mobile internet service1999 (1999): Napster peer-to-peer file sharing2000 (2000): Baidu search engine2001 (2001): 2chan Anonymous imageboard2001 (2001): BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing2001 (2001): Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia2003 (2003): LinkedIn business networking2003 (2003): Myspace social networking site2003 (2003): Skype Internet voice calls2003 (2003): iTunes Store2003 (2003): 4chan Anonymous imageboard2003 (2003): The Pirate Bay, torrent file host2004 (2004): Facebook social networking site2004 (2004): Podcast media file series2004 (2004): Flickr image hosting2005 (2005): YouTube video sharing2005 (2005): Reddit link voting2005 (2005): Google Earth virtual globe2006 (2006): Twitter microblogging2007 (2007): WikiLeaks anonymous news and information leaks2007 (2007): Google Street View2007 (2007): Kindle, e-reader and virtual bookshop2008 (2008): Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)2008 (2008): Dropbox cloud-based file hosting2008 (2008): Encyclopedia of Life, a collaborative encyclopedia intended to document all living species2008 (2008): Spotify, a DRM-based music streaming service2009 (2009): Bing search engine2009 (2009): Google Docs, Web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service2009 (2009): Kickstarter, a threshold pledge system2009 (2009): Bitcoin, a digital currency2010 (2010): Instagram, photo sharing and social networking2011 (2011): Google+, social networking2011 (2011): Snapchat, photo sharing2012 (2012): Coursera, massive open online courses2016 (2016): TikTok, video sharing and social networking
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GSM 03.40 or 3GPP TS 23.040 is a mobile telephony standard describing the format of the Transfer Protocol Data Units (TPDU) part of the Short Message Transfer Protocol (SM-TP) used in the GSM networks to carry Short Messages. This format is used throughout the whole transfer of the message in the GSM mobile network. In contrast, application servers use different protocols, like Short Message Peer-to-Peer or Universal Computer Protocol, to exchange messages between them and the Short Message service center (SMSC).
GSM 03.40 is the original name of the standard. Since 1999 has been developed by the 3GPP under the name 3GPP TS 23.040. However, the original name is often used to refer even to the 3GPP document.