Gamma Draconis

Gamma Draconis
Location of γ Draconis (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000
Constellation Draco
Right ascension 17h 56m 36.36988s
Declination +51° 29 20.0242
Apparent magnitude (V) 2.23
Characteristics
Spectral type K5 III
U−B color index +1.87
B−V color index +1.52
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)28.19±0.36 km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −8.48 mas/yr
Dec.: −22.79 mas/yr
Parallax (π)21.14±0.10 mas
Distance154.3 ± 0.7 ly
(47.3 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−1.93 ± 0.07
Details
Mass2.14±0.16 M
Radius51.8±0.26 R
Luminosity598±21 L
Surface gravity (log g)1.33±0.04 cgs
Temperature3,964±34 K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.11±0.05 dex
Rotational velocity (v sin i)4.5±0.05 km/s
Age1.3±0.25 Gyr
Other designations
Eltanin, 33 Draconis, BD+51°2282, FK5 676, HD 164058, HIP 87833, HR 6705, SAO 30653
Database references
SIMBADdata

Gamma Draconis (γ Draconis, abbreviated Gamma Dra, γ Dra), formally named Eltanin /ɛlˈtnɪn/, is a star in the northern constellation of Draco. Contrary to its gamma-designation (historically third-ranked), it is the brightest object in Draco at magnitude 2.2, outshining Beta Draconis by nearly half a magnitude and Alpha Draconis by over a magnitude.

Gamma Draconis is at a distance of 154.3 light-years (47.3 parsecs) from the Sun, as determined by parallax measurements from the Hipparcos astrometry satellite. In 1728, while unsuccessfully attempting to measure the star's parallax, James Bradley discovered the aberration of light resulting from the relative movement of the Earth. Bradley's discovery confirmed Copernicus' theory that the Earth revolved around the Sun. It is drifting closer to the Solar System with a radial velocity of about –28 km/s.

In 1.5 million years, Gamma Draconis will pass within 28 light-years of Earth. For a period, if its current absolute magnitude does not change, it will be the brightest star in the night sky, nearly as bright as Sirius is at present. Nearby this red star to the south-southeast is Vega, a bright, well-known star in Lyra.