General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven

The General Dynamics–Grumman EF-111A Raven is a retired electronic-warfare aircraft that was designed and produced by the American aerospace manufacturers General Dynamics and Grumman. It was operated exclusively by the United States Air Force (USAF); its crews and maintainers often called it the "Spark-Vark", a play on the F-111's "Aardvark" nickname.

Development commenced during the 1970s to replace the EB-66s and EB-57s then in service with the USAF. Both Grumman and General Dynamics were issued contracts in 1974 to convert several existing General Dynamics F-111As into supersonic-capable electronic warfare/electronic countermeasures (ECM) aircraft. The USAF had opted to develop a derivative of the F-111 due to its greater penetrating power over the Navy / Marine Corps Grumman EA-6B Prowler. The resulting aircraft retained numerous systems of the F-111A and lacked armaments, relying entirely upon its speed and electronic warfare capabilities.

The maiden flight of the prototype EF-111 took place on 10 March 1977; the type attained initial operational capability six years later. Delivery of the last aircraft took place during 1985. Across its 15-year service life, the EF-111 played an active role during Operation El Dorado Canyon (Libya 1986), Operation Just Cause (Panama 1989) and Operation Desert Storm (Iraq 1991) amongst others. The type was retired during May 1998 amid the military cutbacks enacted under the peace dividend at the end of the Cold War. The withdrawn aircraft were initially placed in storage at the Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Center (AMARC) at Davis-Monthan AFB, Arizona; most EF-111s have since been scrapped while four have been put on static display.