German submarine U-77 (1940)

History
Nazi Germany
Name	U-77
Ordered	25 January 1939
Builder	Bremer Vulkan, Bremen-Vegesack
Yard number	5
Laid down	28 March 1940
Launched	23 November 1940
Commissioned	18 January 1941
Fate	Scuttled, 29 March 1943, off Calpe, Spain
General characteristics
Class & type	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced; 871 t (857 long tons) submerged;
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a; 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull;
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a; 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull;
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.72 m (15 ft 6 in)
Installed power	2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels); 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric);
Propulsion	2 shafts; 2 × diesel engines; 2 × electric motors;
Speed	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced; 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged;
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced; 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged;
Test depth	230 m (750 ft); Calculated crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft);
Complement	44-52 officers and ratings
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern); 14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA mines; 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds); 1 x 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 AA gun;
Service record
Part of:	7th U-boat Flotilla; 18 January – 31 December 1941; 23rd U-boat Flotilla; 1 January – 30 April 1942; 29th U-boat Flotilla; 1 May 1942 – 29 March 1943;
Identification codes:	M 38 391
Commanders:	Oblt.z.S. / Kptlt. Heinrich Schonder; 18 January 1941 – 2 September 1942; Oblt.z.S. Otto Hartman; 2 September 1942 – 29 March 1943;
Operations:	11 patrols:; 1st patrol:; 29 May – 7 July 1941; 2nd patrol:; 2 August – 10 September 1941; 3rd patrol:; 11 October – 13 November 1941; 4th patrol:; a. 10 – 19 December 1941; b. 21 December 1941 – 14 January 1942; 5th patrol:; a. 28 March – 3 April 1942; b. 7 – 11 April 1942 ; 6th patrol: ; a. 6 – 17 June 1942; b. 23 June – 9 July 1942; 7th patrol:; a. 16 July – 21 August 1942; b. 25 – 30 August 1942; 8th patrol:; 12 October – 1 November 1942; 9th patrol:; 3 November – 5 December 1942; 10th patrol:; 26 January – 10 February 1943; 11th patrol:; 3 – 29 March 1943;
Victories:	14 merchant ships sunk ; (31,171 GRT); 1 warship sunk ; (1,050 tons); 2 merchant ship total loss ; (11,637 GRT); 2 merchant ships damaged ; (5,384 GRT); 2 warships damaged ; (2,880 tons);

German submarine U-77 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built by the Bremer Vulkan-Vegesacker Werft, Bremen-Vegesack. Her keel was laid down on 28 March 1940, by Bremer Vulkan of Bremen-Vegesack, Germany as yard number 5. She was launched on 23 November 1940 and commissioned on 18 January 1941, with Oberleutnant zur See Heinrich Schonder in command until 2 September 1942, when he was succeeded by Oblt.z.S. Otto Hartmann, who remained in charge until the U-boat's loss.

The boat was scuttled on 29 March 1943 off Calpe, Spain, after receiving heavy damage by two British aircraft.

History
Nazi Germany
Name	U-77
Ordered	25 January 1939
Builder	Bremer Vulkan, Bremen-Vegesack
Yard number	5
Laid down	28 March 1940
Launched	23 November 1940
Commissioned	18 January 1941
Fate	Scuttled, 29 March 1943, off Calpe, Spain
General characteristics
Class & type	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement	769 tonnes (757 long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in) o/a 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in) pressure hull
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.72 m (15 ft 6 in)
Installed power	2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion	2 shafts 2 × diesel engines 2 × electric motors
Speed	17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth	230 m (750 ft) Calculated crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement	44-52 officers and ratings
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 × torpedoes or 26 TMA mines 1 × 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) 1 x 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 AA gun
Service record
Part of:	7th U-boat Flotilla 18 January – 31 December 1941 23rd U-boat Flotilla 1 January – 30 April 1942 29th U-boat Flotilla 1 May 1942 – 29 March 1943
Identification codes:	M 38 391
Commanders:	Oblt.z.S. / Kptlt. Heinrich Schonder 18 January 1941 – 2 September 1942 Oblt.z.S. Otto Hartman 2 September 1942 – 29 March 1943
Operations:	11 patrols: 1st patrol: 29 May – 7 July 1941 2nd patrol: 2 August – 10 September 1941 3rd patrol: 11 October – 13 November 1941 4th patrol: a. 10 – 19 December 1941 b. 21 December 1941 – 14 January 1942 5th patrol: a. 28 March – 3 April 1942 b. 7 – 11 April 1942 6th patrol: a. 6 – 17 June 1942 b. 23 June – 9 July 1942 7th patrol: a. 16 July – 21 August 1942 b. 25 – 30 August 1942 8th patrol: 12 October – 1 November 1942 9th patrol: 3 November – 5 December 1942 10th patrol: 26 January – 10 February 1943 11th patrol: 3 – 29 March 1943
Victories:	14 merchant ships sunk (31,171 GRT) 1 warship sunk (1,050 tons) 2 merchant ship total loss (11,637 GRT) 2 merchant ships damaged (5,384 GRT) 2 warships damaged (2,880 tons)