List of mammalian gestation durations

This is a collection of lists of mammal gestation period estimated by experts in their fields. The mammals included are only viviparous (marsupials and placentals) as some mammals, which are monotremes (including platypuses and echidnas) lay their eggs. A marsupial has a short gestation period, typically shorter than placental. For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Wikipedia's articles on gestational age.

The gestation figures given here are shown in days. They represent average values and should only be considered as approximations.

Mammal Gestation period (days) Reference
Min Max Average
Aardvark (Orycteropus afer) 213
Anteater (Giant) (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) 170 190 180
Ape (Bonobo) (Pan paniscus) 196 260 228
Ape (Bornean orangutan) (Pongo pygmaeus) 234
Ape (Chimpanzee) (Pan troglodytes) 230 250 240
Ape (Gorilla) (Genus Gorilla) 255 260 257
Ape (Human) (Homo sapiens) 259 275 270
Ape (Lar gibbon) (Hylobates lar) 220
Ape (Siamang) (Symphalangus syndactylus) 236
Armadillo (Nine-banded) (Dasypus novemcinctus) 120
Armadillo (Six-banded) (Euphractus sexcinctus) 62
Badger (American) (Taxidea taxus) 60
Bat (Common vampire) (Desmodus rotundus) 213
Bat (Little brown) (Myotis lucifugus) 50 60 55
Bear (Black) (Ursus americanus) 220
Bear (Giant panda) (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 95 160 127
Bear (Grizzly) (Ursus arctos) 215
Bear (Polar) (Ursus maritimus) 241
Bovid (American bison) (Bison bison) 285
Bovid (Barbary sheep) (Ammotragus lervia) 158
Bovid (Bay duiker) (Cephalophus dorsalis) 120
Bovid (Bighorn sheep) (Ovis canadensis) 180
Bovid (Blackbuck) (Antilope cervicapra) 165
Bovid (Cattle) (Bos taurus) 279 287 283
Bovid (Common eland) (Taurotragus oryx) 255
Bovid (Domestic goat) (Capra hircus) 145 155 150
Bovid (Domestic sheep) (Ovis aries) 150
Bovid (Domestic yak) (Bos grunniens) 255
Bovid (Dorcas gazelle) (Gazella dorcas) 132
Bovid (Impala) (Aepyceros melampus) 191
Bovid (Mountain goat) (Oreamnos americanus) 176
Bovid (Sable antelope) (Hippotragus niger) 270
Bovid (Thomson's gazelle) (Gazella thomsonii) 165
Bovid (Zebu) (Bos indicus) 280
Camelid (Alpaca) (Lama pacos) 345
Camelid (Bactrian camel) (Camelus bactrianus) 360 420 390
Camelid (Llama) (Lama glama) 330
Canid (African wild dog) (Lycaon pictus) 71
Canid (Bat-eared fox) (Otocyon megalotis) 65
Canid (Coyote) (Canis latrans) 62
Canid (Domestic dog) (Canis familiaris) 58 65 61
Canid (Golden jackal) (Canis aureus) 62
Canid (Island fox) (Urocyon littoralis) 63
Canid (Red fox) (Vulpes vulpes) 52
Canid (Wolf) (Canis lupus) 60 68 64
Cat (Canadian lynx) (Lynx canadensis) 60
Cat (Cheetah) (Acinoyx jubatus) 92
Cat (Domestic) (Felis catus) 58 67 64
Cat (Leopard) (Panthera pardus) 92 95 93
Cat (Lion) (Panthera leo) 108
Cat (Puma) (Puma concolor) 90
Cat (Tiger) (Panthera tigris) 105 113 109
Deer (Chital) (Axis axis) 218
Deer (Common fallow) (Dama dama) 228
Deer (Elk, aka Wapiti) (Cervus canadensis) 240 250 245
Deer (Moose) (Alces alces) 240 250 245
Deer (Mule) (Odocoileus hemionus) 206
Deer (Père David's) (Elaphurus davidianus) 284
Deer (Red) (Cervus elaphus) 238
Deer (Reindeer) (Rangifer tarandus) 215
Deer (Sambar) (Rusa unicolor) 246
Deer (White-tailed) (Odocoileus virginianus) 201
Elephant shrew (Bushveld) (Elephantulus intufi) 51
Elephant shrew (Eastern rock) (Elephantulus myurus) 46
Elephant (African bush) (Loxodonta africana) 670
Elephant (African forest) (Loxodonta cyclotis) 670
Elephant (Asian) (Elephas maximus) 548 670 609
Equid (Burchell's_zebra) (Equus quagga burchelli) 390
Equid (Donkey) (Equus asinus) 335 426 365
Equid (Grant's zebra) (Equus quagga boehmi) 361 390 375
Equid (Horse) (Equus caballus) 330 342 336
Ferret (Domestic) (Mustela furo) 41 42 41
Galago (Family Galagidae) 124
Giraffe (Genus Giraffa) 420 450 430
Hare (European) (Lepus europaeus) 41
Hedgehog (European) (Erinaceus europaeus) 34
Hippopotamus (Common) (Hippopotamus amphibius) 225 250 237
Hyena (Striped) (Hyaena hyaena) 90
Hyrax (Rock) (Procavia capensis) 255
Kinkajou (Potos flavus) 77
Lemur (Superfamily Lemuroidea) 128
Manatee (West Indian) (Trichechus manatus) 365 426 396
Marsupial (Kangaroo) (Family Macropodidae) 42
Marsupial (Koala) (Phascolarctos cinereus) 34
Marsupial (Quokka) (Setonix brachyurus) 26
Marsupial (Stripe-faced dunnart) (Sminthopsis macroura) 9.5 12 11
Marsupial (Virginia opossum) (Didelphis virginiana) 12 13 12
Marsupial (Wombat) (Family Vombatidae) 26 28 27
Mink (European) (Mustela lutreola) 38 76 57
Monkey (Baboon) (Genus Papio) 185
Monkey (Blue) (Cercopithecus mitis) 140
Monkey (Bonnet macaque) (Macaca radiata) 153 169 161
Monkey (Brown woolly) (Lagothrix lagothrica) 139
Monkey (Celebes crested macaque) (Macaca nigra) 155 175 164
Monkey (Crab-eating macaque) (Macaca fascicularis) 153 179 165
Monkey (Dusky leaf) (Trachypithecus obscurus or Presbytis obscurus) 150
Monkey (Formosan rock macaque) (Macaca cyclopis) 163
Monkey (Gelada) (Theropithecus gelada) 170
Monkey (Goeldi's marmoset) (Callimico goeldii) 149 152 151
Monkey (Golden lion tamarin) (Leontopithecus rosalia) 131
Monkey (Gracile capuchin) (Genus Cebus) 180
Monkey (Grey-cheeked mangabey) (Cercocebus albigena) 174
Monkey (Grivet) (Cercopithecus aethiops) 210
Monkey (Guenon) (Genus Cercopithecus) 160
Monkey (Japanese macaque) (Macaca fuscata) 150 180 166
Monkey (King colobus) (Colobus polykomos) 180 213 202
Monkey (Mantled howler) (Alquatta paliatta) 139
Monkey (Northern plains gray langur) (Semnopithecus entellus or Presbytis entellus) 183
Monkey (Patas) (Erythrocebus patas) 192
Monkey (Proboscis) (Nasalis larvatus) 166
Monkey (Red-shanked douc) (Pygathrix nemaeus) 180 190 185
Monkey (Red-tailed) (Cercopithecus ascanius) 190
Monkey (Rhesus macaque) (Macaca mulatta) 164
Monkey (Southern pig-tailed macaque) (Macaca nemestrina) 168 171 170
Monkey (Spider) (Genus Ateles) 139
Monkey (Squirrel) (Genus Saimiri) 167
Monkey (Stump-tailed macaque) (Macaca arctoides) 168 184 182
Monkey (Talapoin) (Cercopithecus talapoin) 196
Monkey (Tamarin) (Genus Saguinus) 162
Monkey (Toque macaque) (Macaca sinica) 180
Monkey (Vervet) (Cercopithecus pygerythrus) 195
Otter (Subfamily Lutrinae) 60 86 73
Pig (Domestic) (Sus domesticus) 112 115 113
Pig (Wild boar) (Sus scrofa) 120
Pinniped (California sea lion) (Zalophus californianus) 350
Pinniped (Northern fur seal) (Callorhinus ursinus) 254
Pinniped (Southern elephant seal) (Mirounga leonina) 335
Pinniped (Walrus) (Odobenus rosmarus) 456
Pinniped (Weddel seal) (Leptonychotes wedelli) 310
Pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) 246
Rabbit (Domestic) (Oryctolagus cuniculus domesticus) 28 35 31
Raccoon (Common) (Procyon lotor) 63
Rhinoceros (Black) (Diceros bicornis) 450
Rhinoceros (Indian) (Rhinoceros unicornis) 478
Rhinoceros (White) (Ceratotherium simum) 467
Rodent (Beaver) (Genus Castor) 122
Rodent (Chinchilla) (Genus Chinchilla) 105 115 110
Rodent (Chinese hamster) (Cricetulus griseus) 21
Rodent (Chipmunk) (Subtribe Tamiina) 31
Rodent (Cotton mouse) (Peromyscus gossypinus) 23
Rodent (Coypu) (Myocastor coypus) 132
Rodent (Crested porcupine) (Hystrix cristata) 112
Rodent (Domestic guinea pig) (Cavia porcellus) 56 74 65
Rodent (Domestic mouse) (Mus musculus) 19
Rodent (Eastern gray squirrel) (Sciurus carolinensis) 30 40 35
Rodent (Golden hamster) (Mesocricetus auratus) 16
Rodent (Greater Egyptian gerbil) (Gebrillus pyramidum) 21
Rodent (Green acouchi) (Myoprocta pratti) 98
Rodent (Hamster) (Subfamily Cricetinae) 16 23 20
Rodent (Hispid cotton rat) (Sigmodon hispidus) 27
Rodent (Meadow mouse) (Microtus pennsylvanicus) 21
Rodent (Mongolian gerbil) (Meriones unguiculatus) 22 130 24
Rodent (Muskrat) (Ondatra zibethicus) 28 30 29
Rodent (North American porcupine) (Erethizon dorsatum) 113
Rodent (Rat) (Genus Rattus) 21 23 22
Rodent (Red squirrel) (Sciurus vulgaris) 38
Rodent (Southern flying squirrel) (Glaucomys volans) 40
Rodent (White-footed mouse) (Peromyscus leucopus) 23
Skunk (Striped) (Mephitis mephitis) 65
Sloth (Hoffmann's two-toed)) (Choloepus hoffmanni) 355 377 366
Sloth (Pale-throated) (Bradypus tridactylus) 183
Slow loris (Sunda) (Nycticebus coucang) 90
Tapir (Malayan) (Acrocodia indica) 379
Treeshrew (Common) (Tupaia glis) 46
Whale (Beluga) (Delphinapterus leucas) 408
Whale (Blue) (Balaenoptera musculus) 305 365 335
Whale (Bottlenose dolphin) (Tursiops truncatus) 364
Whale (Harbour porpoise) (Phocoena phocoena) 270
Whale (Northern right whale dolphin) (Lissodelphis borealis) 368 374 371
Whale (Orca) (Orcinus orca) 473 567 532
Whale (Sperm) (Physeter catodon) 480 590 535
Whale (Spinner dolphin) (Stenella longirostris) 318