Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Balanced Budget Act

Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985
Other short titles	Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Deficit Reduction Act of 1985
Long title	A joint resolution increasing the statutory limit on the public debt.
Acronyms (colloquial)	BBEDCA
Nicknames	Deficit Control Act
Enacted by	the 99th United States Congress
Effective	December 12, 1985
Citations
Public law	99-177
Statutes at Large	99 Stat. 1037
Codification
Acts amended	Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
Titles amended	2 U.S.C.: Congress
U.S.C. sections amended	2 U.S.C. ch. 20 § 901
Legislative history
	Introduced in the House as H.J.Res. 372 by Phil Gramm (R–TX), Warren Rudman (R–NH), Fritz Hollings (D–SC) on August 1, 1985; Committee consideration by Senate Finance; Passed the House on August 1, 1985 (passed); Passed the Senate on October 10, 1985 (51-37); Reported by the joint conference committee on December 10, 1985; agreed to by the House on December 11, 1985 (271-154) and by the Senate on December 11, 1985 (61-31); Signed into law by President Ronald Reagan on December 12, 1985;
Major amendments
	Deficit Reduction Act of 2005; Budget Control Act of 2011; Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023

The Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 and the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Reaffirmation Act of 1987 (both often known as Gramm–Rudman) were the first binding spending constraints on the federal budget.

After enactment, these Acts were often referred to as "Gramm-Rudman-Hollings I" and Gramm-Rudman-Hollings II) after U.S. Senators Phil Gramm (R-Texas), Warren Rudman (R-New Hampshire), and Fritz Hollings (D-South Carolina), who were credited as their chief authors.