Great Comet of 1843

C/1843 D1
(Great Comet of 1843)
A painting of the Great Comet of 1843, as seen from Tasmania, by Mary Morton Allport
Discovery
Discovery dateFebruary 5, 1843
Designations
  • Great March Comet
  • 1843 I
Orbital characteristics
Observation arc45 days
Number of
observations
200
Orbit typeKreutz sungrazer
Aphelion156 AU
Perihelion0.00553 AU (827 thousand km)
Semi-major axis78 AU
Eccentricity0.99993
Orbital period600–800? yr
Max. orbital speed566.6 km/s
Inclination144.4°
Last perihelion27 February 1843
Physical characteristics
Mean radius
7.9 km (4.9 mi)
Mass7.30×1017 kg

The Great Comet of 1843, formally designated C/1843 D1 and 1843 I, was a long-period comet which became very bright in March 1843 (it is also known as the Great March Comet). It was discovered on February 5, 1843, and rapidly brightened to become a great comet. It was a member of the Kreutz Sungrazers, a family of comets resulting from the breakup of a parent comet (X/1106 C1) into multiple fragments in about 1106. These comets pass extremely close to the surface of the Sun—within a few solar radii—and often become very bright as a result.