GroenLinks

GroenLinks (Dutch pronunciation: [ɣrunˈlɪŋks], lit. 'GreenLeft'; GL) is a green political party in the Netherlands.

It was formed on 1 March 1989 from the merger of four left-wing parties: the Communist Party of the Netherlands, the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Party of Radicals and the Evangelical People's Party, which shared left-wing and progressive ideals and had previously co-operated in the Rainbow coalition for the 1989 European Parliament election. After disappointing results in the 1989 and 1994 general elections, the nascent party fared particularly well in the 1998 and 2002 elections under the leadership of Paul Rosenmöller, who came to be seen as the unofficial Leader of the Opposition against the first Kok cabinet, a purple government. The party's number of seats fell from 10 to 4 seats in the 2012 election, before increasing to 14 in 2017 and falling back to 8 in 2021.

After the 2021 general election, the party intensified cooperation with the Labour Party (PvdA) in an alliance called GroenLinks–PvdA. The two parties participated in the 2023 general election with a joint candidate list, and currently have a joint parliamentary group of 25 seats.

Despite the fact that the two are members of separate European political groups, Groenlinks as a member of Greens–European Free Alliance and PvdA as a member of the Party of European Socialists, the parties campaigned together as GroenLinks-PvdA for the 2024 European Parliament election.

GroenLinks describes itself as "green", "social" and "tolerant". The party's voters are concentrated in larger cities, particularly in university towns.