Guru Gobind Singh

Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh
ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ
	Contemporary painting of Guru Gobind Singh (seated) found within a Dasam Granth manuscript of Anandpur Sahib
Personal life
Born	Gobind Das; 22 December 1666; Patna Sahib, Bihar Subah, Mughal Empire
Died	7 October 1708 (aged 41); Hazur Sahib, Nanded, Bidar Subah, Mughal Empire
Cause of death	Assassination
Spouse	Mata Ajeet Kaur; Mata Sundar Kaur; Mata Sahib Kaur
Children	Ajit Singh; Jujhar Singh; Zorawar Singh; Fateh Singh; Zorawar Singh Palit (Adopted);
Parents	Guru Tegh Bahadur; Mata Gujri;
Known for	Founding the Khalsa; Dasam Granth; Composing the Sikh national anthem Deh Shiva Bar Mohe Eha; Zafarnamah "a letter of victory" to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb after the Battle of Chamkaur; Founded the Sikh festival of Hola Mohalla; Establishing a Democratic quintet Panj Pyare; Giving 52 Hukams at Nanded The 52 Hukams of Guru Gobind Singh; Ordaining the Five Ks; The jaikara or slogan Bole So Nihal;
Other names	Tenth Nanak; Tenth Master ; Dashmesh Pita
Pen name	Shyam; Ram; Kaal; Gobind Das; Nanak; Gobind Singh; Shah Gobind
Signature
Religious life
Religion	Sikhism
Founder of	Khalsa Khalsa Fauj
Religious career
Period in office	1675–1708
Predecessor	Guru Tegh Bahadur
Successor	Guru Granth Sahib
Military service
Commands	Supreme Commander of Akal Sena (1675–1699); Supreme Commander of Khalsa Fauj (1699–1708) ; Supreme Commander of Khalsa Panth (Eternal)
Battles/wars	Wars Hill States-Sikh Wars; Battles Battle of Anandpur (1682); Battle of Anandpur (1685); Battle of Bhangani; Battle of Nadaun; Battle of Guler (1696); Battle of Anandpur (1699); Battle of Anandpur (1700); First siege of Anandpur; Battle of Taragarh; Battle of Basoli; First Battle of Chamkaur; First Battle of Anandpur (1704); Second siege of Anandpur; Battle of Sarsa; Second Battle of Chamkaur (1704); Battle of Muktsar; Battle of Baghaur; Battle of Jajau;

Guru Gobind Singh (Punjabi pronunciation: [gʊɾuː goːbɪn̪d̪ᵊ sɪ́ŋgᵊ]; born Gobind Das; 22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708) was the tenth and last human Sikh Guru. He was a warrior, poet, and philosopher. In 1675, at the age of nine he was formally installed as the leader of the Sikhs after his father Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed by Emperor Aurangzeb. His father was the ninth Sikh Guru. His four biological sons died during his lifetime – two in battle and two executed by the Mughal governor Wazir Khan.

Among his notable contributions to Sikhism are founding the Sikh warrior community called Khalsa in 1699 and introducing the Five Ks, the five articles of faith that Khalsa Sikhs wear at all times. Guru Gobind Singh is credited with the Dasam Granth whose hymns are a sacred part of Sikh prayers and Khalsa rituals. He is also credited as the one who finalized and enshrined the Guru Granth Sahib as Sikhism's primary holy religious scripture and the eternal Guru. He also established the concept of Guru Panth as his spiritual successor, however this manner of guruship is seldom evoked today.