Hexokinase II

HK2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2NZT, 5HFU, 5HG1, 5HEX
Identifiers
Aliases	HK2, HKII, HXK2, hexokinase 2
External IDs	OMIM: 601125; MGI: 1315197; HomoloGene: 37273; GeneCards: HK2; OMA:HK2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (human)
End	74,893,359 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (mouse)
End	82,751,435 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	corpus epididymis; ; mucosa of sigmoid colon; ; body of tongue; ; cartilage tissue; ; pericardium; ; secondary oocyte; ; Skeletal muscle tissue of biceps brachii; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; rectum; ; monocyte;
	Top expressed in
	plantaris muscle; ; extensor digitorum longus muscle; ; extraocular muscle; ; neural layer of retina; ; digastric muscle; ; masseter muscle; ; temporal muscle; ; sternocleidomastoid muscle; ; tibialis anterior muscle; ; cardiac muscle tissue of left ventricle;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; nucleotide binding; mannokinase activity; hexokinase activity; phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor; kinase activity; glucose binding; catalytic activity; protein binding; fructokinase activity; ATP binding; glucokinase activity;
Cellular component	cytosol; membrane; mitochondrial outer membrane; mitochondrion; plasma membrane; sarcoplasmic reticulum;
Biological process	phosphorylation; regulation of glucose import; canonical glycolysis; cellular glucose homeostasis; negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability; carbohydrate phosphorylation; response to ischemia; maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion; establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion; apoptotic mitochondrial changes; negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process; hexose metabolic process; metabolism; lactation; glycolytic process; positive regulation of autophagy of mitochondrion in response to mitochondrial depolarization; glucose metabolic process; glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process; cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor; carbohydrate metabolic process; response to hypoxia; positive regulation of angiogenesis;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3099
	15277
	ENSG00000159399
	ENSMUSG00000000628
	P52789
	O08528
	NM_000189; NM_001371525
	NM_013820
	NP_000180; NP_001358454
	NP_038848
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Hexokinase II, also known as Hexokinase B and HK2, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the HK2 gene on chromosome 2. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose 6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. Hexokinase II is the predominant hexokinase form found in skeletal muscle. It localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Expression of the HK2 gene is insulin-responsive, and studies in rat suggest that it is involved in the increased rate of glycolysis seen in rapidly growing cancer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]