Perlecan

HSPG2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3SH4, 3SH5
Identifiers
Aliases	HSPG2, HSPG, PLC, PRCAN, SJA, SJS, SJS1, heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2
External IDs	OMIM: 142461; MGI: 96257; HomoloGene: 68473; GeneCards: HSPG2; OMA:HSPG2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 1 (human)
End	21,937,310 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 4 (mouse)
End	137,297,941 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	saphenous vein; ; popliteal artery; ; tibial arteries; ; thoracic aorta; ; Descending thoracic aorta; ; ascending aorta; ; right coronary artery; ; tibial nerve; ; left coronary artery; ; muscle layer of sigmoid colon;
	Top expressed in
	right ventricle; ; internal carotid artery; ; external carotid artery; ; lip; ; ascending aorta; ; ankle; ; muscle of thigh; ; molar; ; genital tubercle; ; tibiofemoral joint;
	More reference expression data
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	metal ion binding; protein binding; calcium ion binding; protein C-terminus binding; amyloid-beta binding; extracellular matrix structural constituent conferring compression resistance; low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding;
Cellular component	basement membrane; Golgi lumen; extracellular exosome; lysosomal lumen; extracellular region; plasma membrane; extracellular matrix; focal adhesion; extracellular space; collagen-containing extracellular matrix; plasma membrane protein complex;
Biological process	glycosaminoglycan metabolic process; extracellular matrix disassembly; retinoid metabolic process; glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process; glycosaminoglycan catabolic process; angiogenesis; extracellular matrix organization; lipid metabolism; receptor-mediated endocytosis; inflammatory response; brain development; negative regulation of angiogenesis; cell differentiation; animal organ morphogenesis; tissue development; cell migration; substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	3339
	15530
	ENSG00000142798
	ENSMUSG00000028763
	P98160
	Q05793
	NM_001291860; NM_005529
	NM_008305
	NP_001278789; NP_005520
	NP_032331
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Perlecan (PLC) also known as basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein (HSPG) or heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPG2 gene. The HSPG2 gene codes for a 4,391 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 468,829. It is one of the largest known proteins. The name perlecan comes from its appearance as a "string of pearls" in rotary shadowed images.

Perlecan was originally isolated from a tumor cell line and shown to be present in all native basement membranes. Perlecan is a large multidomain (five domains, labeled I-V) proteoglycan that binds to and cross-links many extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cell-surface molecules. Perlecan is synthesized by both vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells and deposited in the extracellular matrix of parahoxozoans. Perlecan is highly conserved across species and the available data indicate that it has evolved from ancient ancestors by gene duplication and exon shuffling.