| Helen Vendler | 
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| Born | Helen Hennessy (1933-04-30)April 30, 1933
 
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| Died | April 23, 2024(2024-04-23) (aged 90) 
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| Occupation | Professor | 
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| Spouse | Zeno Vendler  (m. 1960; div. 1963) | 
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| Children | 1 | 
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| Awards | Fulbright Scholarship, 1954 James Russell Lowell Prize of the Modern Language Association (MLA), 1969 American Council of Learned Societies Fellowship, 1970 Metcalf Cup & Prize, Boston University, 1975 National Book Critics Circle Award for Criticism, 1980 Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism, Iowa Writers' Workshop, at the University of Iowa, 1996 Charles Homer Haskins Lecture, American Council of Learned Societies, 2001 Jefferson Lecture in the Humanities, National Endowment for the Humanities, 2004 Don M. Randel Award for Humanistic Studies, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2013Gold Medal for Belles Lettres and Criticism from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, 2023 | 
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| Alma mater | Emmanuel College (AB) Harvard University (PhD)
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| Discipline | English | 
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| Sub-discipline | Poetics | 
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| Institutions | Harvard University Boston University
 Cornell University
 Swarthmore College
 Smith College
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| Main interests | Emily Dickinson, George Herbert, John Keats, Seamus Heaney, Wallace Stevens, W. B. Yeats, William Shakespeare | 
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Helen Vendler (née Hennessy; April 30, 1933 – April 23, 2024) was an American academic, writer and literary critic. She was a professor of English language and history at Boston University, Cornell, Harvard, and other universities. 
Her academic focus was critical analysis of poetry and she studied poets from Shakespeare and George Herbert to modern poets such as Wallace Stevens and Seamus Heaney. Her technique was close reading, which she described as "reading from the point of view of a writer".
Vendler reviewed poetry regularly for periodicals including The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books. She was also a regular judge for the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize and so was influential in determining writers' reputation and success.