History of the Scythians

The history of the Scythians spans from the development of early steppe nomadism in the eaely 1st millenium BCE to the Migration Period in the mid-1st millennium CE. This history unfolds across time and space in Central Asia and Siberia, the Caucasus, West Asia and the Pontic Steppe.

There are two main sources of information on the historical Scythians:

  • Akkadian cuneiform texts from Mesopotamia which deal with early Scythian history from the 7th century BCE;
  • and Graeco-Roman sources which cover all of Scythian history, most prominently those written by Herodotus of Halicarnassus, which are less reliable because the information they contain is mixed with folk tales and learnt constructs of historians.
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