Holy See–Israel relations

Formal diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the State of Israel were established on 30 December 1993 after the adoption of a "Fundamental Agreement" between the two states. A Vatican nunciature in Israel and an Israeli embassy in Rome were simultaneously opened on 19 January 1994. From the Vatican's point of view, the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states is part of the Christian–Jewish reconciliation and, from the Israeli point of view, the normalization of diplomatic relations. Before diplomatic relations were established, the interests of the Catholic Church in Israel were looked after by the Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine, the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem and the Custodian of the Holy Land, all of which continue to function.

Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo was appointed as the first Apostolic Nuncio to Israel, Shmuel Hadas was appointed first Israeli Ambassador to the Holy See, in September of that year.

Since 3 June 2021, the Nuncio to Israel has been Adolfo Tito Yllana. The present Israeli ambassador to the Vatican is Raphael Schutz. Oren David was the Ambassador from 2016 to 2021, and Zion Evrony was the Ambassador from 30 September 2012 to 2016. He followed Mordechay Lewy, who was appointed in May 2008, Oded Ben-Hur (from June 2003), Yosef Neville Lamdan (from September 2000), Aharon Lopez (from April 1997), and Shmuel Hadas (from September 1994).