Hongyipao
| Hongyipao | |
|---|---|
| Hongyipao displayed at Hwaseong Fortress | |
| Type | Smoothbore muzzle-loading culverin | 
| Place of origin | Portugal | 
| Service history | |
| In service | Early 17th – late 19th centuries | 
| Used by | Ming dynasty Qing dynasty Joseon | 
| Wars | Manchu conquest of China | 
| Production history | |
| Produced | 17th to 19th centuries | 
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 1,800 kilograms (4,000 lb) | 
| Length | 2.15 metres (7.1 ft) | 
| Caliber | 12 centimetres (4.7 in) | 
| Barrels | 1 | 
| Effective firing range | 700 metres (2,300 ft) | 
| Maximum firing range | 2 to 5 kilometres (1.2 to 3.1 mi) | 
Hongyipao (Chinese: 紅夷炮/紅衣炮; pinyin: hóngyípào; lit. 'red barbarian cannon/red coat cannon'; Vietnamese: hồng di pháo) was the Chinese name for Portuguese-style muzzle-loading culverins introduced to China and Korea from the Portuguese colony of Macau and with the help of Portuguese diplomats and advisors in the Beijing imperial Court like João Rodrigues.