Istradefylline

Istradefylline
Clinical data
Trade names	Nouriast, Nourianz
Other names	KW-6002
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Istradefylline;
Routes of; administration	By mouth
ATC code	N04CX01 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	98%
Metabolism	Mainly CYP1A1, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5
Elimination half-life	64–69 hrs
Excretion	68% faeces, 18% urine
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 8-[(E)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)vinyl]-1,3-diethyl-7-methyl-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione;
CAS Number	155270-99-8 ;
PubChem CID	5311037;
IUPHAR/BPS	5608;
DrugBank	DB11757 ;
ChemSpider	4470574 ;
UNII	2GZ0LIK7T4;
KEGG	D04641 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL431770 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7057652 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.230.117
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C20H24N4O4
Molar mass	384.436 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C2N(c1nc(n(c1C(=O)N2CC)C)\C=C\c3ccc(OC)c(OC)c3)CC;
	InChI InChI=1S/C20H24N4O4/c1-6-23-18-17(19(25)24(7-2)20(23)26)22(3)16(21-18)11-9-13-8-10-14(27-4)15(12-13)28-5/h8-12H,6-7H2,1-5H3/b11-9+ ; Key:IQVRBWUUXZMOPW-PKNBQFBNSA-N ;
	(verify)

Istradefylline, sold under the brand name Nourianz, is a medication used as an add-on treatment to levodopa/carbidopa in adults with Parkinson's disease (PD) experiencing "off" episodes. Istradefylline reduces "off" periods resulting from long-term treatment with the antiparkinson drug levodopa. An "off" episode is a time when a patient's medications are not working well, causing an increase in PD symptoms, such as tremor and difficulty walking.

Relatively common side effects include involuntary muscle movements (dyskinesia), constipation, hallucinations, dizziness, and, much like its parent molecule caffeine, nausea and sleeplessness.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.