James Wilkinson

James Wilkinson (March 24, 1757 – December 28, 1825) was an American army officer and politician who was associated with multiple scandals and controversies during his life, including the Burr conspiracy.

He served in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, but he was twice compelled to resign. He was twice the Senior Officer of the U.S. Army; was appointed to be the first governor in the newly acquired western lands of the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, later organized by the United States Congress and the third President, Thomas Jefferson as the Louisiana Territory in 1804–1812, west of the Mississippi River; and commanded two unsuccessful military invasion campaigns in the St. Lawrence River valley theater in Canada during the War of 1812.

He died while seeking to serve as an envoy diplomat in Mexico City, the capital of the newly declared independent Mexico.

Four decades later in 1854, following extensive archival research in the Royal Spanish archives in the capital of Madrid, an American historian from Louisiana, Charles Gayarré, found documents which exposed Gen. Wilkinson as having been a highly paid foreign agent and spy in the service of the old Kingdom of Spain and its Spanish Empire. In the years since Gayarré's research became public, Wilkinson has been savagely condemned by subsequent American academic historians and politicians. 26th President Theodore Roosevelt claimed "[I]n all our history, there is no more despicable character."