Jamshedpur

Jamshedpur (Hindi: [d͡ʒəmˈʃeːd̪pʊɾ] ^ⓘ; Bengali: [ˈd͡ʒamʃedpuɾ]), also known as Tatanagar, is a major industrial city in eastern India. It is the largest city in the state of Jharkhand. With a population of 629,658 in the city limits and 1.3 million in the wider metropolitan area, Jamshedpur is the third largest metropolitan area in the region and 36th largest urban area in the country and 72nd most populous city in the country. Located on the confluence of Swarnarekha and Kharkai rivers, Jamshedpur is surrounded by the Dalma Hills.

The modern city is built over the village of Sakchi near the Kalimati Railway Station. It was chosen by Dorabji Tata as an "ideal location" for the development of Asia's first iron and steel plant and a planned industrial city, visioned by his father Jamsetji Tata, the founder of Tata Group. The project began in 1908; the steel factory was completed in 1908 and the city was established in 1919, named as Jamshedpur by Lord Chelmsford. The city played an active role in the World War I. It was a high value target for Japan during Second World War, prompting the British Administration to deploy British and American troops across the city.

Following the independence of India in 1947, the city became part of Bihar's Singhbhum district. Jamshedpur was affected severely by the communal riots in 1964 and 1979. In the 1980s, the city experienced a rise in crimes particularly in northern Jamshedpur, notably the assassinations of politicians and mafia leaders in 1989 and 1994, which decreased later. Jamshedpur was a centre of the statehood movement. On 15 November 2000, the city became part of newly-formed Jharkhand state.

A major commercial and industrial centre in India, Jamshedpur is demographically diverse city. It has been ranked consistently as one of the cleanest cities in India by Swach Survekshan, 2nd in India in terms of quality of life. Jamshedpur is one of the fastest-growing global cities in the world and first smart cities in India along with Naya Raipur. It is a local popular tourist destination known for its forests and ancient temples. Jamshedpur is the only million plus city in India without a municipal corporation.