Katla (volcano)
| Katla | |
|---|---|
Katla eruption, 1918 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,512 m (4,961 ft) |
| Listing | List of volcanoes in Iceland |
| Coordinates | 63°38′N 19°03′W / 63.633°N 19.050°W |
| Geography | |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Subglacial volcano |
| Last eruption | October 12, 1918 (Major) July 17, 1999 (Minor) |
Katla (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈkʰahtla] ⓘ) is an active subglacial volcano in southern Iceland. This volcano has been very active historically with at least twenty documented major eruptions since 2920 BC. In its recent history though, Katla has been less active as the last major eruption occurred in 1918. These eruptions have had a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of between 4 and 5 on a scale of 0 to 8. In comparison, the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption had a VEI of 4. Larger VEI-5 eruptions are comparable to Mount St. Helens 1980 eruption. These eruptions have produced very large glacial outburst floods. Several smaller (minor) events measuring VEI-1 and below have occurred since.
Katla is one of the largest volcanic sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Earth, accounting for up to 4% of total global volcanic carbon dioxide emissions.