Kresna–Razlog uprising

Kresna–Razlog uprising
	Part of the Macedonian Question
	; The stamp of the chief of staff of the Macedonian (Kresna) Uprising Berovski c. 1878
Date	October 5, 1878 – May 25, 1879; (7 months, 2 weeks and 6 days)
Location	Ottoman Empire Salonika Vilayet (Pirin Macedonia);
Result	Ottoman victory
Belligerents
Unity Committee	Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
	Adam Kalmikov; Dimitar Popgeorgiev; Nathanael of Ohrid; Stoyan Karastoilov X; Stefan Stambolov; Nikola Obretenov; Ludwik Wojtkiewicz
Strength
400+	8,000+
Casualties and losses
9 insurgents killed at the village of Moraska; 568 insurgents killed at Kresna Gorge in January	121 Ottomans taken as prisoners of war at Kresna; 50 Ottomans killed at Bansko
	Hundreds of Christian civilians killed by the bashi-bazouks; 25,000—35,000 refugees fled to the Principality of Bulgaria

The Kresna–Razlog uprising (Bulgarian: Кресненско-Разложко въстание, romanized: Kresnensko-Razlozhko vastanie), also known as the Kresna uprising or Macedonian Uprising (Macedonian: Кресненско востание, Македонско Востание, romanized: Kresnensko vostanie, Makedonsko Vostanie), was an anti-Ottoman Bulgarian uprising that took place in Ottoman Macedonia, predominantly in the areas of modern Blagoevgrad Province in Bulgaria in late 1878 and early 1879. It was named by the insurgents as the Macedonian uprising.

The uprising was prepared by the Unity Committee and on the local level, it was leaded by Dimitar Popgeorgiev, Nathanael of Ohrid and Stoyan Karastoilov. The centers from which the uprising was coordinated were Gorna Dzhoumaya and Kyustendil. Also, it was supported by detachments which had infiltrated the area from the Principality of Bulgaria and Eastern Rumelia. The insurgents consisted of local Macedonian Bulgarians and former members of the Bulgarian Volunteer Corps. They captured the Kresna Gorge, but soon the Unity Committee and the chetas' commanders clashed over leadership, thus Popgeorgiev was removed from his position and Karastoilov was murdered. The uprising lost its momentum and was crushed by the Ottomans.

In modern-day there are conflicting interpretations of the uprising between the Bulgarian historiography and the Macedonian historiography.